Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin

Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin

Abstract In general, the electro-spinning of lignin requires it to be functionalised and/or blended with synthetic or natural polymers. This paper reports on the use of solvent fractionated lignin-lignin blend to electro-spin BioChoice softwood Kraft lignin. The blend consisted of acetone-soluble an...

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Autores principales: Inam Khan, Bongkot Hararak, Gerard F. Fernando
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:
Medicine
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Science
Q
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/3125cd8872fc48b7a86e8adbb010ea5b
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:3125cd8872fc48b7a86e8adbb010ea5b2021-12-02T16:27:51ZImproved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin10.1038/s41598-021-95352-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3125cd8872fc48b7a86e8adbb010ea5b2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95352-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In general, the electro-spinning of lignin requires it to be functionalised and/or blended with synthetic or natural polymers. This paper reports on the use of solvent fractionated lignin-lignin blend to electro-spin BioChoice softwood Kraft lignin. The blend consisted of acetone-soluble and ethanol-soluble lignin in a binary solvent of acetone and DMSO. Solvent fractionation was used to purify lignin where the ash content was reduced in the soluble lignin fractions from 1.24 to ~ 0.1%. The corresponding value after conventional acid-washing in sulphuric acid was 0.34%. A custom-made electro-spinning apparatus was used to produce the nano-fibres. Heat treatment procedures were developed for drying the electro-spun fibres prior to oxidation and carbonisation; this was done to prevent fibre fusion. The lignin fibres were oxidised at 250 °C, carbonised at 1000 °C, 1200 °C and 1500 °C. The cross-section of the fibres was circular and they were observed to be void-free. The longitudinal sections showed that the fibres were not fused. Thus, this procedure demonstrated that solvent fractionated lignin can be electro-spun without using plasticisers or polymer blends using common laboratory solvents and subsequently carbonised to produce carbon fibres with a circular cross-section.Inam KhanBongkot HararakGerard F. FernandoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Inam Khan
Bongkot Hararak
Gerard F. Fernando
Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
description Abstract In general, the electro-spinning of lignin requires it to be functionalised and/or blended with synthetic or natural polymers. This paper reports on the use of solvent fractionated lignin-lignin blend to electro-spin BioChoice softwood Kraft lignin. The blend consisted of acetone-soluble and ethanol-soluble lignin in a binary solvent of acetone and DMSO. Solvent fractionation was used to purify lignin where the ash content was reduced in the soluble lignin fractions from 1.24 to ~ 0.1%. The corresponding value after conventional acid-washing in sulphuric acid was 0.34%. A custom-made electro-spinning apparatus was used to produce the nano-fibres. Heat treatment procedures were developed for drying the electro-spun fibres prior to oxidation and carbonisation; this was done to prevent fibre fusion. The lignin fibres were oxidised at 250 °C, carbonised at 1000 °C, 1200 °C and 1500 °C. The cross-section of the fibres was circular and they were observed to be void-free. The longitudinal sections showed that the fibres were not fused. Thus, this procedure demonstrated that solvent fractionated lignin can be electro-spun without using plasticisers or polymer blends using common laboratory solvents and subsequently carbonised to produce carbon fibres with a circular cross-section.
format article
author Inam Khan
Bongkot Hararak
Gerard F. Fernando
author_facet Inam Khan
Bongkot Hararak
Gerard F. Fernando
author_sort Inam Khan
title Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
title_short Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
title_full Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
title_fullStr Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
title_full_unstemmed Improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood Kraft lignin
title_sort improved procedure for electro-spinning and carbonisation of neat solvent-fractionated softwood kraft lignin
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/3125cd8872fc48b7a86e8adbb010ea5b
work_keys_str_mv AT inamkhan improvedprocedureforelectrospinningandcarbonisationofneatsolventfractionatedsoftwoodkraftlignin
AT bongkothararak improvedprocedureforelectrospinningandcarbonisationofneatsolventfractionatedsoftwoodkraftlignin
AT gerardffernando improvedprocedureforelectrospinningandcarbonisationofneatsolventfractionatedsoftwoodkraftlignin
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