Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study

Abstract Learning disabilities that affect about 10% of human population are linked to atypical neurodevelopment, but predominantly treated by behavioural interventions. Behavioural interventions alone have shown little efficacy, indicating limited success in modulating neuroplasticity, especially i...

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Autores principales:	Chung Yen Looi, Jenny Lim, Francesco Sella, Simon Lolliot, Mihaela Duta, Alexander Alexandrovich Avramenko, Roi Cohen Kadosh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31751b010d5343ab8ed98bef44c67b70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31751b010d5343ab8ed98bef44c67b702021-12-02T16:06:46ZTranscranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study10.1038/s41598-017-04649-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/31751b010d5343ab8ed98bef44c67b702017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04649-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Learning disabilities that affect about 10% of human population are linked to atypical neurodevelopment, but predominantly treated by behavioural interventions. Behavioural interventions alone have shown little efficacy, indicating limited success in modulating neuroplasticity, especially in brains with neural atypicalities. Even in healthy adults, weeks of cognitive training alone led to inconsistent generalisable training gains, or “transfer effects” to non-trained materials. Meanwhile, transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), a painless and more direct neuromodulation method was shown to further promote cognitive training and transfer effects in healthy adults without harmful effects. It is unknown whether tRNS on the atypically developing brain might promote greater learning and transfer outcomes than training alone. Here, we show that tRNS over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFCs) improved learning and performance of children with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) during arithmetic training compared to those who received sham (placebo) tRNS. Training gains correlated positively with improvement on a standardized mathematical diagnostic test, and this effect was strengthened by tRNS. These findings mirror those in healthy adults, and encourage replications using larger cohorts. Overall, this study offers insights into the concept of combining tRNS and cognitive training for improving learning and cognition of children with learning disabilities.Chung Yen LooiJenny LimFrancesco SellaSimon LolliotMihaela DutaAlexander Alexandrovich AvramenkoRoi Cohen KadoshNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Chung Yen Looi Jenny Lim Francesco Sella Simon Lolliot Mihaela Duta Alexander Alexandrovich Avramenko Roi Cohen Kadosh Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
description	Abstract Learning disabilities that affect about 10% of human population are linked to atypical neurodevelopment, but predominantly treated by behavioural interventions. Behavioural interventions alone have shown little efficacy, indicating limited success in modulating neuroplasticity, especially in brains with neural atypicalities. Even in healthy adults, weeks of cognitive training alone led to inconsistent generalisable training gains, or “transfer effects” to non-trained materials. Meanwhile, transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), a painless and more direct neuromodulation method was shown to further promote cognitive training and transfer effects in healthy adults without harmful effects. It is unknown whether tRNS on the atypically developing brain might promote greater learning and transfer outcomes than training alone. Here, we show that tRNS over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFCs) improved learning and performance of children with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) during arithmetic training compared to those who received sham (placebo) tRNS. Training gains correlated positively with improvement on a standardized mathematical diagnostic test, and this effect was strengthened by tRNS. These findings mirror those in healthy adults, and encourage replications using larger cohorts. Overall, this study offers insights into the concept of combining tRNS and cognitive training for improving learning and cognition of children with learning disabilities.
format	article
author	Chung Yen Looi Jenny Lim Francesco Sella Simon Lolliot Mihaela Duta Alexander Alexandrovich Avramenko Roi Cohen Kadosh
author_facet	Chung Yen Looi Jenny Lim Francesco Sella Simon Lolliot Mihaela Duta Alexander Alexandrovich Avramenko Roi Cohen Kadosh
author_sort	Chung Yen Looi
title	Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
title_short	Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
title_full	Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
title_fullStr	Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
title_full_unstemmed	Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study
title_sort	transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: a pilot study
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/31751b010d5343ab8ed98bef44c67b70
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Transcranial random noise stimulation and cognitive training to improve learning and cognition of the atypically developing brain: A pilot study

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