2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids

Instantaneous frequency measurement devices are useful for conducting extremely fast measurements of the current frequency value of microwave signals, even if their duration is extremely short. This paper presents the principle of determination of temporary values of the microwave signal phase and f...

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Autores principales:	Adam Rutkowski, Hubert Stadnik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	microwave frequency discriminator microwave phase discriminator microwave correlator rat-race hybrid electronic warfare passive radar Electronics TK7800-8360
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31944d4868e24dab8dda6a785e9a7fc7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31944d4868e24dab8dda6a785e9a7fc72021-11-25T17:24:27Z2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids10.3390/electronics102227632079-9292https://doaj.org/article/31944d4868e24dab8dda6a785e9a7fc72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/22/2763https://doaj.org/toc/2079-9292Instantaneous frequency measurement devices are useful for conducting extremely fast measurements of the current frequency value of microwave signals, even if their duration is extremely short. This paper presents the principle of determination of temporary values of the microwave signal phase and frequency using interferometer techniques, based on passive microwave components. Additionally, the structures and results of measurements of two novel versions of integrated microwave correlators for microwave frequency discriminators, made on a single printed circuit board, are shown. Three Wilkinson-type, single-stage power dividers, and two rat-race hybrids create the developed correlators. The developed devices were designed to work over a wide frequency range, i.e., of 1.6–3.1 GHz, and can be used to monitor Wi-Fi devices as well as pulse and CW radar systems operating in the S band. They can also be applied in passive radars and active Doppler radars. The view of the printed circuits boards and results of measurements are presented. Recommendations for improving the accuracy of measurement are proposed.Adam RutkowskiHubert StadnikMDPI AGarticlemicrowave frequency discriminatormicrowave phase discriminatormicrowave correlatorrat-race hybridelectronic warfarepassive radarElectronicsTK7800-8360ENElectronics, Vol 10, Iss 2763, p 2763 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microwave frequency discriminator microwave phase discriminator microwave correlator rat-race hybrid electronic warfare passive radar Electronics TK7800-8360
spellingShingle	microwave frequency discriminator microwave phase discriminator microwave correlator rat-race hybrid electronic warfare passive radar Electronics TK7800-8360 Adam Rutkowski Hubert Stadnik 2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
description	Instantaneous frequency measurement devices are useful for conducting extremely fast measurements of the current frequency value of microwave signals, even if their duration is extremely short. This paper presents the principle of determination of temporary values of the microwave signal phase and frequency using interferometer techniques, based on passive microwave components. Additionally, the structures and results of measurements of two novel versions of integrated microwave correlators for microwave frequency discriminators, made on a single printed circuit board, are shown. Three Wilkinson-type, single-stage power dividers, and two rat-race hybrids create the developed correlators. The developed devices were designed to work over a wide frequency range, i.e., of 1.6–3.1 GHz, and can be used to monitor Wi-Fi devices as well as pulse and CW radar systems operating in the S band. They can also be applied in passive radars and active Doppler radars. The view of the printed circuits boards and results of measurements are presented. Recommendations for improving the accuracy of measurement are proposed.
format	article
author	Adam Rutkowski Hubert Stadnik
author_facet	Adam Rutkowski Hubert Stadnik
author_sort	Adam Rutkowski
title	2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
title_short	2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
title_full	2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
title_fullStr	2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
title_full_unstemmed	2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids
title_sort	2.45 ghz band quadrature microwave frequency discriminators with integrated correlators based on power dividers and rat-race hybrids
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/31944d4868e24dab8dda6a785e9a7fc7
work_keys_str_mv	AT adamrutkowski 245ghzbandquadraturemicrowavefrequencydiscriminatorswithintegratedcorrelatorsbasedonpowerdividersandratracehybrids AT hubertstadnik 245ghzbandquadraturemicrowavefrequencydiscriminatorswithintegratedcorrelatorsbasedonpowerdividersandratracehybrids
_version_	1718412400464494592

2.45 GHz Band Quadrature Microwave Frequency Discriminators with Integrated Correlators Based on Power Dividers and Rat-Race Hybrids

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