Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems.
Whereas fossil evidence indicates extensive treeless vegetation and diverse grazing megafauna in Europe and northern Asia during the last glacial, experiments combining vegetation models and climate models have to-date simulated widespread persistence of trees. Resolving this conflict is key to unde...
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2013
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oai:doaj.org-article:3197266892664b5dba07a59288f562382021-11-18T07:49:14ZMillennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0061963https://doaj.org/article/3197266892664b5dba07a59288f562382013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23613985/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Whereas fossil evidence indicates extensive treeless vegetation and diverse grazing megafauna in Europe and northern Asia during the last glacial, experiments combining vegetation models and climate models have to-date simulated widespread persistence of trees. Resolving this conflict is key to understanding both last glacial ecosystems and extinction of most of the mega-herbivores. Using a dynamic vegetation model (DVM) we explored the implications of the differing climatic conditions generated by a general circulation model (GCM) in "normal" and "hosing" experiments. Whilst the former approximate interstadial conditions, the latter, designed to mimic Heinrich Events, approximate stadial conditions. The "hosing" experiments gave simulated European vegetation much closer in composition to that inferred from fossil evidence than did the "normal" experiments. Given the short duration of interstadials, and the rate at which forest cover expanded during the late-glacial and early Holocene, our results demonstrate the importance of millennial variability in determining the character of last glacial ecosystems.Brian HuntleyJudy R M AllenYvonne C CollinghamThomas HicklerAdrian M ListerJoy SingarayerAnthony J StuartMartin T SykesPaul J ValdesPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e61963 (2013) |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Brian Huntley Judy R M Allen Yvonne C Collingham Thomas Hickler Adrian M Lister Joy Singarayer Anthony J Stuart Martin T Sykes Paul J Valdes Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| description |
Whereas fossil evidence indicates extensive treeless vegetation and diverse grazing megafauna in Europe and northern Asia during the last glacial, experiments combining vegetation models and climate models have to-date simulated widespread persistence of trees. Resolving this conflict is key to understanding both last glacial ecosystems and extinction of most of the mega-herbivores. Using a dynamic vegetation model (DVM) we explored the implications of the differing climatic conditions generated by a general circulation model (GCM) in "normal" and "hosing" experiments. Whilst the former approximate interstadial conditions, the latter, designed to mimic Heinrich Events, approximate stadial conditions. The "hosing" experiments gave simulated European vegetation much closer in composition to that inferred from fossil evidence than did the "normal" experiments. Given the short duration of interstadials, and the rate at which forest cover expanded during the late-glacial and early Holocene, our results demonstrate the importance of millennial variability in determining the character of last glacial ecosystems. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Brian Huntley Judy R M Allen Yvonne C Collingham Thomas Hickler Adrian M Lister Joy Singarayer Anthony J Stuart Martin T Sykes Paul J Valdes |
| author_facet |
Brian Huntley Judy R M Allen Yvonne C Collingham Thomas Hickler Adrian M Lister Joy Singarayer Anthony J Stuart Martin T Sykes Paul J Valdes |
| author_sort |
Brian Huntley |
| title |
Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| title_short |
Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| title_full |
Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| title_fullStr |
Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| title_sort |
millennial climatic fluctuations are key to the structure of last glacial ecosystems. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/3197266892664b5dba07a59288f56238 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT brianhuntley millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT judyrmallen millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT yvonneccollingham millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT thomashickler millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT adrianmlister millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT joysingarayer millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT anthonyjstuart millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT martintsykes millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems AT pauljvaldes millennialclimaticfluctuationsarekeytothestructureoflastglacialecosystems |
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