Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam

Protected Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) aggregate at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River and prey upon multiple species of endangered salmon ascending the river. Hazing is a non-lethal activity designed to repel sea lions that includes aversive auditory and physical stimuli to deter animal...

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Autores principales:	Kyle S. Tidwell, Brett A. Carrothers, Daniel T. Blumstein, Zachary A. Schakner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Columbia River Eumetopias jubatus habituation hazing human-wildlife conflict non-lethal deterrence General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3199e391c4dc44f0ae90e29302624613
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3199e391c4dc44f0ae90e293026246132021-12-01T11:59:30ZSteller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam2673-611X10.3389/fcosc.2021.760866https://doaj.org/article/3199e391c4dc44f0ae90e293026246132021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcosc.2021.760866/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-611XProtected Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) aggregate at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River and prey upon multiple species of endangered salmon ascending the river. Hazing is a non-lethal activity designed to repel sea lions that includes aversive auditory and physical stimuli to deter animals from an area and has been employed with sea lion—fisheries interactions for more than 40 years but sea lion responses to hazing through time is not well-documented. We observed the behavior of Steller sea lions in periods with and without hazing during two spring Chinook salmon passage seasons to evaluate: (1) what effect hazing had on the number of animals present and their foraging behavior, and (2) whether they habituated to hazing. We found that hazing temporarily reduced the number of Steller sea lions, but only when actively hazed. During hazing, Steller sea lions were more likely to move away from hazers on the dam, decreased their foraging, and increased their time investigating the environment. However, these effects were temporary; their behavior returned to initial observation levels once hazing ceased. Furthermore, their responsiveness to hazing declined throughout the season, indicating habituation and raising concern for the application and long-term efficacy of hazing in managing predation on endangered salmon.Kyle S. TidwellBrett A. CarrothersDaniel T. BlumsteinZachary A. SchaknerFrontiers Media S.A.articleColumbia RiverEumetopias jubatushabituationhazinghuman-wildlife conflictnon-lethal deterrenceGeneral. Including nature conservation, geographical distributionQH1-199.5ENFrontiers in Conservation Science, Vol 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Columbia River Eumetopias jubatus habituation hazing human-wildlife conflict non-lethal deterrence General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
spellingShingle	Columbia River Eumetopias jubatus habituation hazing human-wildlife conflict non-lethal deterrence General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Kyle S. Tidwell Brett A. Carrothers Daniel T. Blumstein Zachary A. Schakner Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
description	Protected Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) aggregate at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River and prey upon multiple species of endangered salmon ascending the river. Hazing is a non-lethal activity designed to repel sea lions that includes aversive auditory and physical stimuli to deter animals from an area and has been employed with sea lion—fisheries interactions for more than 40 years but sea lion responses to hazing through time is not well-documented. We observed the behavior of Steller sea lions in periods with and without hazing during two spring Chinook salmon passage seasons to evaluate: (1) what effect hazing had on the number of animals present and their foraging behavior, and (2) whether they habituated to hazing. We found that hazing temporarily reduced the number of Steller sea lions, but only when actively hazed. During hazing, Steller sea lions were more likely to move away from hazers on the dam, decreased their foraging, and increased their time investigating the environment. However, these effects were temporary; their behavior returned to initial observation levels once hazing ceased. Furthermore, their responsiveness to hazing declined throughout the season, indicating habituation and raising concern for the application and long-term efficacy of hazing in managing predation on endangered salmon.
format	article
author	Kyle S. Tidwell Brett A. Carrothers Daniel T. Blumstein Zachary A. Schakner
author_facet	Kyle S. Tidwell Brett A. Carrothers Daniel T. Blumstein Zachary A. Schakner
author_sort	Kyle S. Tidwell
title	Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
title_short	Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
title_full	Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
title_fullStr	Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
title_full_unstemmed	Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam
title_sort	steller sea lion (eumetopias jubatus) response to non-lethal hazing at bonneville dam
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3199e391c4dc44f0ae90e29302624613
work_keys_str_mv	AT kylestidwell stellersealioneumetopiasjubatusresponsetononlethalhazingatbonnevilledam AT brettacarrothers stellersealioneumetopiasjubatusresponsetononlethalhazingatbonnevilledam AT danieltblumstein stellersealioneumetopiasjubatusresponsetononlethalhazingatbonnevilledam AT zacharyaschakner stellersealioneumetopiasjubatusresponsetononlethalhazingatbonnevilledam
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Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) Response to Non-lethal Hazing at Bonneville Dam

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