The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation

Abstract We have recently found that β-actin-like protein 2 (actbl2) forms complexes with gelsolin in human melanoma cells and can polymerize. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses showed that actbl2 has a common origin with two non-muscle actins, which share a separate history from the muscle act...

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Autores principales:	Natalia Malek, Aleksandra Michrowska, Ewa Mazurkiewicz, Ewa Mrówczyńska, Paweł Mackiewicz, Antonina J. Mazur
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31bd586427fc4c308178a595fcc0aee9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31bd586427fc4c308178a595fcc0aee92021-12-02T13:30:28ZThe origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation10.1038/s41598-021-82074-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/31bd586427fc4c308178a595fcc0aee92021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82074-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We have recently found that β-actin-like protein 2 (actbl2) forms complexes with gelsolin in human melanoma cells and can polymerize. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses showed that actbl2 has a common origin with two non-muscle actins, which share a separate history from the muscle actins. The actin groups’ divergence started at the beginning of vertebrate evolution, and actbl2 actins are characterized by the largest number of non-conserved amino acid substitutions of all actins. We also discovered that ACTBL2 is expressed at a very low level in several melanoma cell lines, but a small subset of cells exhibited a high ACTBL2 expression. We found that clones with knocked-out ACTBL2 (CR-ACTBL2) or overexpressing actbl2 (OE-ACTBL2) differ from control cells in the invasion, focal adhesion formation, and actin polymerization ratio, as well as in the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers. Thus, we postulate that actbl2 is the seventh actin isoform and is essential for cell motility.Natalia MalekAleksandra MichrowskaEwa MazurkiewiczEwa MrówczyńskaPaweł MackiewiczAntonina J. MazurNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-26 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Natalia Malek Aleksandra Michrowska Ewa Mazurkiewicz Ewa Mrówczyńska Paweł Mackiewicz Antonina J. Mazur The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
description	Abstract We have recently found that β-actin-like protein 2 (actbl2) forms complexes with gelsolin in human melanoma cells and can polymerize. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses showed that actbl2 has a common origin with two non-muscle actins, which share a separate history from the muscle actins. The actin groups’ divergence started at the beginning of vertebrate evolution, and actbl2 actins are characterized by the largest number of non-conserved amino acid substitutions of all actins. We also discovered that ACTBL2 is expressed at a very low level in several melanoma cell lines, but a small subset of cells exhibited a high ACTBL2 expression. We found that clones with knocked-out ACTBL2 (CR-ACTBL2) or overexpressing actbl2 (OE-ACTBL2) differ from control cells in the invasion, focal adhesion formation, and actin polymerization ratio, as well as in the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers. Thus, we postulate that actbl2 is the seventh actin isoform and is essential for cell motility.
format	article
author	Natalia Malek Aleksandra Michrowska Ewa Mazurkiewicz Ewa Mrówczyńska Paweł Mackiewicz Antonina J. Mazur
author_facet	Natalia Malek Aleksandra Michrowska Ewa Mazurkiewicz Ewa Mrówczyńska Paweł Mackiewicz Antonina J. Mazur
author_sort	Natalia Malek
title	The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
title_short	The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
title_full	The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
title_fullStr	The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
title_full_unstemmed	The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
title_sort	origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene actbl2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/31bd586427fc4c308178a595fcc0aee9
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The origin of the expressed retrotransposed gene ACTBL2 and its influence on human melanoma cells’ motility and focal adhesion formation

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