The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.

The human gut harbours a large and genetically diverse population of symbiotic microbes that both feed and protect the host. Evolutionary theory, however, predicts that such genetic diversity can destabilise mutualistic partnerships. How then can the mutualism of the human microbiota be explained? H...

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Autores principales:	Jonas Schluter, Kevin R Foster
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31d1996787df41e4ab96333c1ca59e9c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31d1996787df41e4ab96333c1ca59e9c2021-11-18T05:37:22ZThe evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1001424https://doaj.org/article/31d1996787df41e4ab96333c1ca59e9c2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23185130/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885The human gut harbours a large and genetically diverse population of symbiotic microbes that both feed and protect the host. Evolutionary theory, however, predicts that such genetic diversity can destabilise mutualistic partnerships. How then can the mutualism of the human microbiota be explained? Here we develop an individual-based model of host-associated microbial communities. We first demonstrate the fundamental problem faced by a host: The presence of a genetically diverse microbiota leads to the dominance of the fastest growing microbes instead of the microbes that are most beneficial to the host. We next investigate the potential for host secretions to influence the microbiota. This reveals that the epithelium-microbiota interface acts as a selectivity amplifier: Modest amounts of moderately selective epithelial secretions cause a complete shift in the strains growing at the epithelial surface. This occurs because of the physical structure of the epithelium-microbiota interface: Epithelial secretions have effects that permeate upwards through the whole microbial community, while lumen compounds preferentially affect cells that are soon to slough off. Finally, our model predicts that while antimicrobial secretion can promote host epithelial selection, epithelial nutrient secretion will often be key to host selection. Our findings are consistent with a growing number of empirical papers that indicate an influence of host factors upon microbiota, including growth-promoting glycoconjugates. We argue that host selection is likely to be a key mechanism in the stabilisation of the mutualism between a host and its microbiota.Jonas SchluterKevin R FosterPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 10, Iss 11, p e1001424 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Jonas Schluter Kevin R Foster The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
description	The human gut harbours a large and genetically diverse population of symbiotic microbes that both feed and protect the host. Evolutionary theory, however, predicts that such genetic diversity can destabilise mutualistic partnerships. How then can the mutualism of the human microbiota be explained? Here we develop an individual-based model of host-associated microbial communities. We first demonstrate the fundamental problem faced by a host: The presence of a genetically diverse microbiota leads to the dominance of the fastest growing microbes instead of the microbes that are most beneficial to the host. We next investigate the potential for host secretions to influence the microbiota. This reveals that the epithelium-microbiota interface acts as a selectivity amplifier: Modest amounts of moderately selective epithelial secretions cause a complete shift in the strains growing at the epithelial surface. This occurs because of the physical structure of the epithelium-microbiota interface: Epithelial secretions have effects that permeate upwards through the whole microbial community, while lumen compounds preferentially affect cells that are soon to slough off. Finally, our model predicts that while antimicrobial secretion can promote host epithelial selection, epithelial nutrient secretion will often be key to host selection. Our findings are consistent with a growing number of empirical papers that indicate an influence of host factors upon microbiota, including growth-promoting glycoconjugates. We argue that host selection is likely to be a key mechanism in the stabilisation of the mutualism between a host and its microbiota.
format	article
author	Jonas Schluter Kevin R Foster
author_facet	Jonas Schluter Kevin R Foster
author_sort	Jonas Schluter
title	The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
title_short	The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
title_full	The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
title_fullStr	The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
title_full_unstemmed	The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
title_sort	evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/31d1996787df41e4ab96333c1ca59e9c
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The evolution of mutualism in gut microbiota via host epithelial selection.

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