Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.

Macroalgae play an intricate role in microbial-mediated coral reef degradation processes due to the release of dissolved nutrients. However, temporal variabilities of macroalgal surface biofilms and their implication on the wider reef system remain poorly characterized. Here, we study the microbial...

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Autores principales:	Bettina Glasl, Jasmine B. Haskell, Tania Aires, Ester A. Serrão, David G. Bourne, Nicole S. Webster, Pedro R. Frade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	macroalgae microbiome microbialization 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing metagenome assembled genomes coral reefs Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31e7c89fbf6a434984af637b2157e72a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31e7c89fbf6a434984af637b2157e72a2021-11-25T18:11:07ZMicrobial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.10.3390/life111111992075-1729https://doaj.org/article/31e7c89fbf6a434984af637b2157e72a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/11/1199https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729Macroalgae play an intricate role in microbial-mediated coral reef degradation processes due to the release of dissolved nutrients. However, temporal variabilities of macroalgal surface biofilms and their implication on the wider reef system remain poorly characterized. Here, we study the microbial biofilm of the dominant reef macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> over a period of one year at an inshore Great Barrier Reef site (Magnetic Island, Australia). Monthly sampling of the <i>Sargassum</i> biofilm links the temporal taxonomic and putative functional metabolic microbiome changes, examined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing, to the pronounced growth-reproduction-senescence cycle of the host. Overall, the macroalgal biofilm was dominated by the heterotrophic phyla <i>Firmicutes</i> (35% ± 5.9% SD) and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> (12% ± 0.6% SD); their relative abundance ratio shifted significantly along the annual growth-reproduction-senescence cycle of <i>Sargassum</i>. For example, <i>Firmicutes</i> were 1.7 to 3.9 times more abundant during host growth and reproduction cycles than <i>Bacteroidetes</i>. Both phyla varied in their carbohydrate degradation capabilities; hence, temporal fluctuations in the carbohydrate availability are potentially linked to the observed shift. Dominant heterotrophic macroalgal biofilm members, such as <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, are implicated in exacerbating or ameliorating the release of dissolved nutrients into the ambient environment, though their contribution to microbial-mediated reef degradation processes remains to be determined.Bettina GlaslJasmine B. HaskellTania AiresEster A. SerrãoDavid G. BourneNicole S. WebsterPedro R. FradeMDPI AGarticlemacroalgae microbiomemicrobialization16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencingmetagenome assembled genomescoral reefsScienceQENLife, Vol 11, Iss 1199, p 1199 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	macroalgae microbiome microbialization 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing metagenome assembled genomes coral reefs Science Q
spellingShingle	macroalgae microbiome microbialization 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing metagenome assembled genomes coral reefs Science Q Bettina Glasl Jasmine B. Haskell Tania Aires Ester A. Serrão David G. Bourne Nicole S. Webster Pedro R. Frade Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
description	Macroalgae play an intricate role in microbial-mediated coral reef degradation processes due to the release of dissolved nutrients. However, temporal variabilities of macroalgal surface biofilms and their implication on the wider reef system remain poorly characterized. Here, we study the microbial biofilm of the dominant reef macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> over a period of one year at an inshore Great Barrier Reef site (Magnetic Island, Australia). Monthly sampling of the <i>Sargassum</i> biofilm links the temporal taxonomic and putative functional metabolic microbiome changes, examined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing, to the pronounced growth-reproduction-senescence cycle of the host. Overall, the macroalgal biofilm was dominated by the heterotrophic phyla <i>Firmicutes</i> (35% ± 5.9% SD) and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> (12% ± 0.6% SD); their relative abundance ratio shifted significantly along the annual growth-reproduction-senescence cycle of <i>Sargassum</i>. For example, <i>Firmicutes</i> were 1.7 to 3.9 times more abundant during host growth and reproduction cycles than <i>Bacteroidetes</i>. Both phyla varied in their carbohydrate degradation capabilities; hence, temporal fluctuations in the carbohydrate availability are potentially linked to the observed shift. Dominant heterotrophic macroalgal biofilm members, such as <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, are implicated in exacerbating or ameliorating the release of dissolved nutrients into the ambient environment, though their contribution to microbial-mediated reef degradation processes remains to be determined.
format	article
author	Bettina Glasl Jasmine B. Haskell Tania Aires Ester A. Serrão David G. Bourne Nicole S. Webster Pedro R. Frade
author_facet	Bettina Glasl Jasmine B. Haskell Tania Aires Ester A. Serrão David G. Bourne Nicole S. Webster Pedro R. Frade
author_sort	Bettina Glasl
title	Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
title_short	Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
title_full	Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
title_fullStr	Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
title_full_unstemmed	Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.
title_sort	microbial surface biofilm responds to the growth-reproduction-senescence cycle of the dominant coral reef macroalgae <i>sargassum</i> spp.
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/31e7c89fbf6a434984af637b2157e72a
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Microbial Surface Biofilm Responds to the Growth-Reproduction-Senescence Cycle of the Dominant Coral Reef Macroalgae <i>Sargassum</i> spp.

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