Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs

Available antiepileptic drugs interact with a variety of different molecular targets. The mechanism of action of most anticonvulsants is most often complex with a number of affected regions. The combination of mechanisms of action of drugs in particular proportions can possibly determine the showcas...

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Autores principales: Kuzmanova R., Stefanova I.
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Sciendo 2017
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/320cdd61d7064e929eebe76118eba757
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:320cdd61d7064e929eebe76118eba7572021-12-02T19:11:12ZBasic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs0324-175010.1515/amb-2017-0020https://doaj.org/article/320cdd61d7064e929eebe76118eba7572017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/amb-2017-0020https://doaj.org/toc/0324-1750Available antiepileptic drugs interact with a variety of different molecular targets. The mechanism of action of most anticonvulsants is most often complex with a number of affected regions. The combination of mechanisms of action of drugs in particular proportions can possibly determine the showcase of its antiepileptic activity. The common factor between the different supposed mechanisms for a number of drugs includes the possibility for modulating the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission through effects upon the voltage-gated ion channels, synaptic plasticity, heterogeneous receptors, and metabolism of neurotransmitters. There are controversial data on the extent to which a specific action can be the reason for the wholesome anticonvulsive characteristics of various medications, as well as the relation with the presence of undesired drug effects. The complexity of the action of some antiepileptic drugs creates conditions for optimal choice during therapy. In many cases, the insufficient familiarity with individual genetic differences and the disease related receptor damages can hinder defining a particular drug action. Characterizing the mechanisms of action of the present antiepileptic medications would increase the understanding for the pathophysiological mechanisms of epileptic seizures, as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies. The development of novel antiepileptic drugs and the ongoing research regarding the mechanism of action of established antiepileptic drugs, are continuously increasing the level of complexity in the spectrum of molecular targets relevant for epilepsy therapy. The current state of knowledge as well as the limitations in our understanding should guide future research aiming for a more detailed elucidation of the impact of genetics and pathophysiological mechanisms on interindividual differences in expression and function of antiepileptic drug targets.Kuzmanova R.Stefanova I.Sciendoarticleantiepileptic drugsion channelsmolecular targetsneurotransmittersreceptorsMedicineRENActa Medica Bulgarica, Vol 44, Iss 2, Pp 52-58 (2017)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic antiepileptic drugs
ion channels
molecular targets
neurotransmitters
receptors
Medicine
R
spellingShingle antiepileptic drugs
ion channels
molecular targets
neurotransmitters
receptors
Medicine
R
Kuzmanova R.
Stefanova I.
Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
description Available antiepileptic drugs interact with a variety of different molecular targets. The mechanism of action of most anticonvulsants is most often complex with a number of affected regions. The combination of mechanisms of action of drugs in particular proportions can possibly determine the showcase of its antiepileptic activity. The common factor between the different supposed mechanisms for a number of drugs includes the possibility for modulating the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission through effects upon the voltage-gated ion channels, synaptic plasticity, heterogeneous receptors, and metabolism of neurotransmitters. There are controversial data on the extent to which a specific action can be the reason for the wholesome anticonvulsive characteristics of various medications, as well as the relation with the presence of undesired drug effects. The complexity of the action of some antiepileptic drugs creates conditions for optimal choice during therapy. In many cases, the insufficient familiarity with individual genetic differences and the disease related receptor damages can hinder defining a particular drug action. Characterizing the mechanisms of action of the present antiepileptic medications would increase the understanding for the pathophysiological mechanisms of epileptic seizures, as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies. The development of novel antiepileptic drugs and the ongoing research regarding the mechanism of action of established antiepileptic drugs, are continuously increasing the level of complexity in the spectrum of molecular targets relevant for epilepsy therapy. The current state of knowledge as well as the limitations in our understanding should guide future research aiming for a more detailed elucidation of the impact of genetics and pathophysiological mechanisms on interindividual differences in expression and function of antiepileptic drug targets.
format article
author Kuzmanova R.
Stefanova I.
author_facet Kuzmanova R.
Stefanova I.
author_sort Kuzmanova R.
title Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
title_short Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
title_full Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
title_fullStr Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
title_full_unstemmed Basic Mechanisms of Action of the Antiepileptic Drugs
title_sort basic mechanisms of action of the antiepileptic drugs
publisher Sciendo
publishDate 2017
url https://doaj.org/article/320cdd61d7064e929eebe76118eba757
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