Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review

The utilisation of micro-scale thermal treatment technologies for non-sewered applications has been emerging as a prominent route for the safe treatment and disposal of high water content hazardous feedstock. This study provides a comprehensive review of the technological concepts practiced up to da...

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Autores principales:	Farhad Beik, Leon Williams, Tim Brown, Stuart T. Wagland
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sewage sludge faecal combustion gasification pyrolysis thermochemical conversion Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/325e3c75d38e45fbad8014c077a7d8b2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:325e3c75d38e45fbad8014c077a7d8b22021-11-25T17:27:55ZManaging Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review10.3390/en142276891996-1073https://doaj.org/article/325e3c75d38e45fbad8014c077a7d8b22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7689https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073The utilisation of micro-scale thermal treatment technologies for non-sewered applications has been emerging as a prominent route for the safe treatment and disposal of high water content hazardous feedstock. This study provides a comprehensive review of the technological concepts practiced up to date in commercial/pilot and small scales for various types of solid fuels. The respective challenges are critically described and discussed to aid in the selection of promising technology for on-site sanitary applications. Furthermore, the challenges observed with the nominated (pyrolysis) technology are discussed in detail and addressed. This study suggests rapid energy recovery from by-products primarily made up of the highest yield of syngas with a desirable calorific value. The optimum operating ranges are discussed to ensure a reliable thermal conversion of sludge materials considering the application constraints and technology drawbacks. However, further studies are needed to investigate the uncertainties regarding emissions, energy consumption and overall associated costs.Farhad BeikLeon WilliamsTim BrownStuart T. WaglandMDPI AGarticlesewage sludgefaecalcombustiongasificationpyrolysisthermochemical conversionTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7689, p 7689 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sewage sludge faecal combustion gasification pyrolysis thermochemical conversion Technology T
spellingShingle	sewage sludge faecal combustion gasification pyrolysis thermochemical conversion Technology T Farhad Beik Leon Williams Tim Brown Stuart T. Wagland Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
description	The utilisation of micro-scale thermal treatment technologies for non-sewered applications has been emerging as a prominent route for the safe treatment and disposal of high water content hazardous feedstock. This study provides a comprehensive review of the technological concepts practiced up to date in commercial/pilot and small scales for various types of solid fuels. The respective challenges are critically described and discussed to aid in the selection of promising technology for on-site sanitary applications. Furthermore, the challenges observed with the nominated (pyrolysis) technology are discussed in detail and addressed. This study suggests rapid energy recovery from by-products primarily made up of the highest yield of syngas with a desirable calorific value. The optimum operating ranges are discussed to ensure a reliable thermal conversion of sludge materials considering the application constraints and technology drawbacks. However, further studies are needed to investigate the uncertainties regarding emissions, energy consumption and overall associated costs.
format	article
author	Farhad Beik Leon Williams Tim Brown Stuart T. Wagland
author_facet	Farhad Beik Leon Williams Tim Brown Stuart T. Wagland
author_sort	Farhad Beik
title	Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
title_short	Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
title_full	Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
title_fullStr	Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review
title_sort	managing non-sewered human waste using thermochemical waste treatment technologies: a review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/325e3c75d38e45fbad8014c077a7d8b2
work_keys_str_mv	AT farhadbeik managingnonseweredhumanwasteusingthermochemicalwastetreatmenttechnologiesareview AT leonwilliams managingnonseweredhumanwasteusingthermochemicalwastetreatmenttechnologiesareview AT timbrown managingnonseweredhumanwasteusingthermochemicalwastetreatmenttechnologiesareview AT stuarttwagland managingnonseweredhumanwasteusingthermochemicalwastetreatmenttechnologiesareview
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Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review

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