Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice

Context: Currently, there is no cure or early preclinical diagnostic assay available for depression. Recently, depression has been observed in association with metabolic abnormalities of the glutamate (Glu)–glutamine (Gln) cycling, which is regulated by Glu, Gln and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) amino...

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Autores principales:	Ya-Ping Chen, Chuang Wang, Jiang-Ping Xu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2019
Materias:	cums glu gln gaba hplc Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/325f59cf4cb64f19be5659f43e7b4486
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:325f59cf4cb64f19be5659f43e7b44862021-11-17T14:21:56ZChronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice1388-02091744-511610.1080/13880209.2019.1598445https://doaj.org/article/325f59cf4cb64f19be5659f43e7b44862019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2019.1598445https://doaj.org/toc/1388-0209https://doaj.org/toc/1744-5116Context: Currently, there is no cure or early preclinical diagnostic assay available for depression. Recently, depression has been observed in association with metabolic abnormalities of the glutamate (Glu)–glutamine (Gln) cycling, which is regulated by Glu, Gln and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) amino acids. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the changes of Glu, Gln and GABA in blood and brain of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induced mice and to clarify the depression biomarkers in the Glu–Gln cycling. Materials and methods: Male Kunming mice were divided into model group and control group randomly (n = 12). The depression model of mice was established by CUMS stimulation for 56 days. The liquid chromatography-fluorescence method was used for simultaneous determination of Glu, Gln and GABA in the plasma and brain of mice. o-Phthalaldehyde and β-mercaptoethanol were used as pre-column derivatization reagents. Neurotransmitters were analysed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on an HPH C18 column in combination with a fluorescence detector. Results: The method was simple, highly sensitive and showed excellent linearity with regression coefficients higher than 0.999, good accuracy (95–108%) and good inter-day precision (RSD <15%) for all analytes. Limit of quantification (LOQ) values were established as 0.01, 0.01 and 0.005 μg/mL for Glu, Gln and GABA. The GABA in the CUMS mouse brain (p < 0.01) was significantly increased and Gln in plasma (p < 0.01) and brain (p < 0.01) were both decreased. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the Gln in plasma can be used as a biological marker of depression.Ya-Ping ChenChuang WangJiang-Ping XuTaylor & Francis GrouparticlecumsgluglngabahplcTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENPharmaceutical Biology, Vol 57, Iss 1, Pp 280-286 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cums glu gln gaba hplc Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	cums glu gln gaba hplc Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Ya-Ping Chen Chuang Wang Jiang-Ping Xu Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
description	Context: Currently, there is no cure or early preclinical diagnostic assay available for depression. Recently, depression has been observed in association with metabolic abnormalities of the glutamate (Glu)–glutamine (Gln) cycling, which is regulated by Glu, Gln and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) amino acids. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the changes of Glu, Gln and GABA in blood and brain of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induced mice and to clarify the depression biomarkers in the Glu–Gln cycling. Materials and methods: Male Kunming mice were divided into model group and control group randomly (n = 12). The depression model of mice was established by CUMS stimulation for 56 days. The liquid chromatography-fluorescence method was used for simultaneous determination of Glu, Gln and GABA in the plasma and brain of mice. o-Phthalaldehyde and β-mercaptoethanol were used as pre-column derivatization reagents. Neurotransmitters were analysed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on an HPH C18 column in combination with a fluorescence detector. Results: The method was simple, highly sensitive and showed excellent linearity with regression coefficients higher than 0.999, good accuracy (95–108%) and good inter-day precision (RSD <15%) for all analytes. Limit of quantification (LOQ) values were established as 0.01, 0.01 and 0.005 μg/mL for Glu, Gln and GABA. The GABA in the CUMS mouse brain (p < 0.01) was significantly increased and Gln in plasma (p < 0.01) and brain (p < 0.01) were both decreased. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the Gln in plasma can be used as a biological marker of depression.
format	article
author	Ya-Ping Chen Chuang Wang Jiang-Ping Xu
author_facet	Ya-Ping Chen Chuang Wang Jiang-Ping Xu
author_sort	Ya-Ping Chen
title	Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
title_short	Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
title_full	Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
title_fullStr	Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
title_full_unstemmed	Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
title_sort	chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/325f59cf4cb64f19be5659f43e7b4486
work_keys_str_mv	AT yapingchen chronicunpredictablemildstressinduceddepressionlikebehavioursandglutamateglutaminecyclingdysfunctionsinbothbloodandbrainofmice AT chuangwang chronicunpredictablemildstressinduceddepressionlikebehavioursandglutamateglutaminecyclingdysfunctionsinbothbloodandbrainofmice AT jiangpingxu chronicunpredictablemildstressinduceddepressionlikebehavioursandglutamateglutaminecyclingdysfunctionsinbothbloodandbrainofmice
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Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice

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