Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides

Cotton is a major crop of Pakistan, and <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of cotton. Due to the unwise and indiscriminate use of insecticides, resistance develops more readily in the whitefly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance develop...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Zaryab Khalid, Sohail Ahmed, Ibrahim Al-Ashkar, Ayman EL Sabagh, Liyun Liu, Guohua Zhong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Bemisia tabaci</i> cotton insecticide resistance pyrethroids neonicotinoids chlorfenapyr Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3287cc41534b4073889399acc3c944a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3287cc41534b4073889399acc3c944a72021-11-25T17:59:24ZEvaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides10.3390/insects121109962075-4450https://doaj.org/article/3287cc41534b4073889399acc3c944a72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/996https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Cotton is a major crop of Pakistan, and <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of cotton. Due to the unwise and indiscriminate use of insecticides, resistance develops more readily in the whitefly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance development in the whitefly against the different insecticides that are still in use. For this purpose, the whitefly population was selected with five concentrations of each insecticide, for five generations. At G1, compared with the laboratory susceptible population, a very low level of resistance was observed against bifenthrin, cypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, chlorfenapyr, and buprofezin with a resistance ratio of 3-fold, 2-fold, 1-fold, 4-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, and 3-fold, respectively. However, the selection for five generations increased the resistance to a very high level against buprofezin (127-fold), and to a high level against imidacloprid (86-fold) compared with the laboratory susceptible population. While, a moderate level of resistance was observed against cypermethrin (34-fold), thiamethoxam (34-fold), nitenpyram (30-fold), chlorfenapyr (29-fold), and acetamiprid (21-fold). On the other hand, the resistance was low against bifenthrin (18-fold) after selection for five generations. A very low level of resistance against the field population of <i>B. tabaci</i>, at G1, showed that these insecticides are still effective, and thus can be used under the field conditions for the management of <i>B. tabaci</i>. However, the proper rotation of insecticides among different groups can help to reduce the development of resistance against insecticides.Muhammad Zaryab KhalidSohail AhmedIbrahim Al-AshkarAyman EL SabaghLiyun LiuGuohua ZhongMDPI AGarticle<i>Bemisia tabaci</i>cottoninsecticide resistancepyrethroidsneonicotinoidschlorfenapyrScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 996, p 996 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Bemisia tabaci</i> cotton insecticide resistance pyrethroids neonicotinoids chlorfenapyr Science Q
spellingShingle	<i>Bemisia tabaci</i> cotton insecticide resistance pyrethroids neonicotinoids chlorfenapyr Science Q Muhammad Zaryab Khalid Sohail Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Ayman EL Sabagh Liyun Liu Guohua Zhong Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
description	Cotton is a major crop of Pakistan, and <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of cotton. Due to the unwise and indiscriminate use of insecticides, resistance develops more readily in the whitefly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the resistance development in the whitefly against the different insecticides that are still in use. For this purpose, the whitefly population was selected with five concentrations of each insecticide, for five generations. At G1, compared with the laboratory susceptible population, a very low level of resistance was observed against bifenthrin, cypermethrin, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, chlorfenapyr, and buprofezin with a resistance ratio of 3-fold, 2-fold, 1-fold, 4-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, 3-fold, and 3-fold, respectively. However, the selection for five generations increased the resistance to a very high level against buprofezin (127-fold), and to a high level against imidacloprid (86-fold) compared with the laboratory susceptible population. While, a moderate level of resistance was observed against cypermethrin (34-fold), thiamethoxam (34-fold), nitenpyram (30-fold), chlorfenapyr (29-fold), and acetamiprid (21-fold). On the other hand, the resistance was low against bifenthrin (18-fold) after selection for five generations. A very low level of resistance against the field population of <i>B. tabaci</i>, at G1, showed that these insecticides are still effective, and thus can be used under the field conditions for the management of <i>B. tabaci</i>. However, the proper rotation of insecticides among different groups can help to reduce the development of resistance against insecticides.
format	article
author	Muhammad Zaryab Khalid Sohail Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Ayman EL Sabagh Liyun Liu Guohua Zhong
author_facet	Muhammad Zaryab Khalid Sohail Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Ayman EL Sabagh Liyun Liu Guohua Zhong
author_sort	Muhammad Zaryab Khalid
title	Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
title_short	Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
title_full	Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides
title_sort	evaluation of resistance development in <i>bemisia tabaci</i> genn. (homoptera: aleyrodidae) in cotton against different insecticides
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3287cc41534b4073889399acc3c944a7
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Evaluation of Resistance Development in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Genn. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Cotton against Different Insecticides

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