Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease

Abstract Background Ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema (GBWE) is a marker for anaphylaxis in dogs. Cardiac disease can cause GBWE with similar signs and should be included as a differential diagnosis to prevent interpretation errors. Hypothesis/Objectives Document GBWE associated w...

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Autores principales:	Gregory R. Lisciandro, Jennifer M. Gambino, Stephanie C. Lisciandro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	cardiac gallbladder FAST gallbladder wall edema ultrasound Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/32b3159727d74d858502c92790c6d513
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:32b3159727d74d858502c92790c6d5132021-11-30T17:01:03ZThirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease1939-16760891-664010.1111/jvim.16117https://doaj.org/article/32b3159727d74d858502c92790c6d5132021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16117https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Abstract Background Ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema (GBWE) is a marker for anaphylaxis in dogs. Cardiac disease can cause GBWE with similar signs and should be included as a differential diagnosis to prevent interpretation errors. Hypothesis/Objectives Document GBWE associated with cardiac disease. Animals Fourteen client‐owned animals. Methods Prospective case series with abdominal focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage and tracking (AFAST), and thoracic focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage, and tracking (TFAST) performed at triage. Animals with GBWE and cardiac disease were enrolled. A board‐certified radiologist reviewed images to confirm cardiac disease, GBWE, and characterize the caudal vena cava (CVC) and hepatic veins. Results Thirteen dogs and 1 cat had GBWE associated with cardiac disease. Gallbladder findings included mural thickness ranging from 3 to 5 mm, mild to moderate sludge (n = 3), and mild to moderate luminal distension (n = 6). CVC and hepatic venous distension were found in 5/6. Cardiac diagnoses in dogs included 11 with pericardial effusion (PCE) and 1 each with dilated cardiomyopathy and right‐sided myocardial failure. Severity of PCE was rated as mild (n = 1), moderate (n = 6), or severe (n = 4). Seven of 11 had pericardiocentesis performed. Nine of 13 had ascites with 4 having abdominal fluid scores of 1 (n = 2), 2 (n = 2), 3 (n = 1), and 4 (n = 0). Lung ultrasound findings were as follows: dry lung (n = 6), B‐lines (n = 4), and nodules (n = 1). The cat had moderate PCE, ascites scored as 1, and severe right‐sided ventricular enlargement associated with a ventricular septal defect. Primary presenting complaints included acute weakness (n = 9), acute collapse (n = 5), gastrointestinal signs (n = 3), respiratory distress (n = 2), and need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 1). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Ultrasonographically detected GBWE was associated with PCE in this small cohort of cases.Gregory R. LisciandroJennifer M. GambinoStephanie C. LisciandroWileyarticlecardiac gallbladderFASTgallbladder wall edemaultrasoundVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 1342-1346 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cardiac gallbladder FAST gallbladder wall edema ultrasound Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	cardiac gallbladder FAST gallbladder wall edema ultrasound Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Gregory R. Lisciandro Jennifer M. Gambino Stephanie C. Lisciandro Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
description	Abstract Background Ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema (GBWE) is a marker for anaphylaxis in dogs. Cardiac disease can cause GBWE with similar signs and should be included as a differential diagnosis to prevent interpretation errors. Hypothesis/Objectives Document GBWE associated with cardiac disease. Animals Fourteen client‐owned animals. Methods Prospective case series with abdominal focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage and tracking (AFAST), and thoracic focused assessment with abdominal sonography in trauma, triage, and tracking (TFAST) performed at triage. Animals with GBWE and cardiac disease were enrolled. A board‐certified radiologist reviewed images to confirm cardiac disease, GBWE, and characterize the caudal vena cava (CVC) and hepatic veins. Results Thirteen dogs and 1 cat had GBWE associated with cardiac disease. Gallbladder findings included mural thickness ranging from 3 to 5 mm, mild to moderate sludge (n = 3), and mild to moderate luminal distension (n = 6). CVC and hepatic venous distension were found in 5/6. Cardiac diagnoses in dogs included 11 with pericardial effusion (PCE) and 1 each with dilated cardiomyopathy and right‐sided myocardial failure. Severity of PCE was rated as mild (n = 1), moderate (n = 6), or severe (n = 4). Seven of 11 had pericardiocentesis performed. Nine of 13 had ascites with 4 having abdominal fluid scores of 1 (n = 2), 2 (n = 2), 3 (n = 1), and 4 (n = 0). Lung ultrasound findings were as follows: dry lung (n = 6), B‐lines (n = 4), and nodules (n = 1). The cat had moderate PCE, ascites scored as 1, and severe right‐sided ventricular enlargement associated with a ventricular septal defect. Primary presenting complaints included acute weakness (n = 9), acute collapse (n = 5), gastrointestinal signs (n = 3), respiratory distress (n = 2), and need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 1). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Ultrasonographically detected GBWE was associated with PCE in this small cohort of cases.
format	article
author	Gregory R. Lisciandro Jennifer M. Gambino Stephanie C. Lisciandro
author_facet	Gregory R. Lisciandro Jennifer M. Gambino Stephanie C. Lisciandro
author_sort	Gregory R. Lisciandro
title	Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
title_short	Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
title_full	Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
title_fullStr	Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
title_full_unstemmed	Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
title_sort	thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/32b3159727d74d858502c92790c6d513
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Thirteen dogs and a cat with ultrasonographically detected gallbladder wall edema associated with cardiac disease

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