Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study

Background: The condition of the Indonesians’ unpreparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic has caused anxiety and fear. The public’s fears of COVID-19 cases have led to a negative stigma. As part of health workers in disaster management’s main pillars in health services, nurses are most vulnerable to in...

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Autores principales:	Marisa Junianti Manik, Siska Natalia, Theresia Theresia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Belitung Raya Foundation 2021
Materias:	coronavirus covid-19 indonesia nurses social stigma Nursing RT1-120
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/331c0136230d465e8cb74da08c7e504a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:331c0136230d465e8cb74da08c7e504a2021-12-02T18:25:37ZSocial stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study2477-407310.33546/bnj.1322https://doaj.org/article/331c0136230d465e8cb74da08c7e504a2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/view/1322https://doaj.org/toc/2477-4073Background: The condition of the Indonesians’ unpreparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic has caused anxiety and fear. The public’s fears of COVID-19 cases have led to a negative stigma. As part of health workers in disaster management’s main pillars in health services, nurses are most vulnerable to infection and not free from the stigma. Objective: This study aimed to describe the social stigma against nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 and experiencing suspected or probable or confirmed COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. Methods: This study was a mixed-method study using a sequential explanatory design-participant selection model. The selection of respondents used the convenience sampling technique. The number of respondents in the quantitative stage was 118 respondents. For qualitative data, selected participants were respondents with a stigma score of more than 21 nurses and willing to continue the interview process. There were 11 participants in the qualitative stage. This study used the modified Stigma Scale of the Explanatory Model Interview Catalog for quantitative data and four semi-structured questions to obtain qualitative data. Quantitative data were processed in descriptive statistics, and a thematic analysis was performed to analyze the qualitative data. Results: The highest stigma score of 118 respondents was 37, and the lowest score was zero. The stigma score had a mean of 12.28 (SD ± 7.9). The higher the score obtained leads to a higher level of stigma received. From a total of 11 participants interviewed, four main themes emerged: rejection, feeling down and afraid, sources of support, and professional vigilance. Conclusion: The social stigma experienced by nurses comes from colleagues and society and impacts psychological distress. Support from families and colleagues strengthens nurses in facing social stigma. Nevertheless, nurses uphold the values to remain grateful and carry out professional responsibilities in taking care of patients. Nurses should be provided with psychological support and be prepared for disasters to provide excellent health services and reduce adverse mental health. Funding: This study was funded by the University of Pelita Harapan, Indonesia (321/LPPM-UPH/VI/2020).Marisa Junianti ManikSiska NataliaTheresia TheresiaBelitung Raya Foundationarticlecoronaviruscovid-19indonesianursessocial stigmaNursingRT1-120ENBelitung Nursing Journal, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 98-106 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coronavirus covid-19 indonesia nurses social stigma Nursing RT1-120
spellingShingle	coronavirus covid-19 indonesia nurses social stigma Nursing RT1-120 Marisa Junianti Manik Siska Natalia Theresia Theresia Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
description	Background: The condition of the Indonesians’ unpreparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic has caused anxiety and fear. The public’s fears of COVID-19 cases have led to a negative stigma. As part of health workers in disaster management’s main pillars in health services, nurses are most vulnerable to infection and not free from the stigma. Objective: This study aimed to describe the social stigma against nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 and experiencing suspected or probable or confirmed COVID-19 cases in Indonesia. Methods: This study was a mixed-method study using a sequential explanatory design-participant selection model. The selection of respondents used the convenience sampling technique. The number of respondents in the quantitative stage was 118 respondents. For qualitative data, selected participants were respondents with a stigma score of more than 21 nurses and willing to continue the interview process. There were 11 participants in the qualitative stage. This study used the modified Stigma Scale of the Explanatory Model Interview Catalog for quantitative data and four semi-structured questions to obtain qualitative data. Quantitative data were processed in descriptive statistics, and a thematic analysis was performed to analyze the qualitative data. Results: The highest stigma score of 118 respondents was 37, and the lowest score was zero. The stigma score had a mean of 12.28 (SD ± 7.9). The higher the score obtained leads to a higher level of stigma received. From a total of 11 participants interviewed, four main themes emerged: rejection, feeling down and afraid, sources of support, and professional vigilance. Conclusion: The social stigma experienced by nurses comes from colleagues and society and impacts psychological distress. Support from families and colleagues strengthens nurses in facing social stigma. Nevertheless, nurses uphold the values to remain grateful and carry out professional responsibilities in taking care of patients. Nurses should be provided with psychological support and be prepared for disasters to provide excellent health services and reduce adverse mental health. Funding: This study was funded by the University of Pelita Harapan, Indonesia (321/LPPM-UPH/VI/2020).
format	article
author	Marisa Junianti Manik Siska Natalia Theresia Theresia
author_facet	Marisa Junianti Manik Siska Natalia Theresia Theresia
author_sort	Marisa Junianti Manik
title	Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
title_short	Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
title_full	Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
title_fullStr	Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
title_full_unstemmed	Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study
title_sort	social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with covid-19 in indonesia: a mixed-methods study
publisher	Belitung Raya Foundation
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/331c0136230d465e8cb74da08c7e504a
work_keys_str_mv	AT marisajuniantimanik socialstigmatowardsnursestakingcareofpatientswithcovid19inindonesiaamixedmethodsstudy AT siskanatalia socialstigmatowardsnursestakingcareofpatientswithcovid19inindonesiaamixedmethodsstudy AT theresiatheresia socialstigmatowardsnursestakingcareofpatientswithcovid19inindonesiaamixedmethodsstudy
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Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study

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