Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins

ABSTRACT A recent clinical report has linked Streptococcus pyogenes β-lactam antibiotic resistance to mutation in the penicillin binding protein (PBP) PBP2x. To determine whether this is an isolated case or reflects a broader prevalence of mutations that might confer reduced β-lactam susceptibility,...

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Autores principales:	Andrew Hayes, Jake A. Lacey, Jacqueline M. Morris, Mark R. Davies, Steven Y. C. Tong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Streptococcus pyogenes beta-lactams penicillin resistance penicillin binding proteins Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/33272d6b2bc74c76b1c99e71b5d93a43
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:33272d6b2bc74c76b1c99e71b5d93a432021-11-15T15:29:16ZRestricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins10.1128/mSphere.00090-202379-5042https://doaj.org/article/33272d6b2bc74c76b1c99e71b5d93a432020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00090-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT A recent clinical report has linked Streptococcus pyogenes β-lactam antibiotic resistance to mutation in the penicillin binding protein (PBP) PBP2x. To determine whether this is an isolated case or reflects a broader prevalence of mutations that might confer reduced β-lactam susceptibility, we investigated the relative frequency of PBP sequence variation within a global database of 9,667 S. pyogenes isolates. We found that mutations in S. pyogenes PBPs (PBP2x, PBP1a, PBP1b, and PBP2a) occur infrequently across this global database, with fewer than 3 amino acid changes differing between >99% of the global population. Only 4 of the 9,667 strains contained mutations near transpeptidase active sites of PBP2x or PBP1a. The reported PBP2x T553K substitution was not identified. These findings are in contrast to those of 2,520 S. pneumococcus sequences where PBP mutations are relatively frequent and are often located in key β-lactam binding pockets. These data, combined with the general lack of penicillin resistance reported in S. pyogenes worldwide, suggests that extensive, unknown constraints restrict S. pyogenes PBP sequence plasticity. Our findings imply that while heavy antibiotic pressure may select for mutations in the PBPs, there is currently no evidence of such mutations becoming fixed in the S. pyogenes population or that mutations are being sequentially acquired in the PBPs. IMPORTANCE β-Lactam antibiotics are the first-line therapeutic option for Streptococcus pyogenes infections. Despite the global high prevalence of S. pyogenes infections and widespread use of β-lactams worldwide, reports of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, have been incredibly rare. Recently, β-lactam resistance, as defined by clinical breakpoints, was detected in two clinical S. pyogenes isolates with accompanying mutations in the active site of the penicillin binding protein PBP2x, raising concerns that β-lactam resistance will become more widespread. We screened a global database of S. pyogenes genome sequences to investigate the frequency of PBP mutations, identifying that PBP mutations are uncommon relative to those of Streptococcus pneumoniae. These findings support clinical observations that β-lactam resistance is rare in S. pyogenes and suggest that there are considerable constraints on S. pyogenes PBP sequence variation.Andrew HayesJake A. LaceyJacqueline M. MorrisMark R. DaviesSteven Y. C. TongAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleStreptococcus pyogenesbeta-lactamspenicillin resistancepenicillin binding proteinsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Streptococcus pyogenes beta-lactams penicillin resistance penicillin binding proteins Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Streptococcus pyogenes beta-lactams penicillin resistance penicillin binding proteins Microbiology QR1-502 Andrew Hayes Jake A. Lacey Jacqueline M. Morris Mark R. Davies Steven Y. C. Tong Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
description	ABSTRACT A recent clinical report has linked Streptococcus pyogenes β-lactam antibiotic resistance to mutation in the penicillin binding protein (PBP) PBP2x. To determine whether this is an isolated case or reflects a broader prevalence of mutations that might confer reduced β-lactam susceptibility, we investigated the relative frequency of PBP sequence variation within a global database of 9,667 S. pyogenes isolates. We found that mutations in S. pyogenes PBPs (PBP2x, PBP1a, PBP1b, and PBP2a) occur infrequently across this global database, with fewer than 3 amino acid changes differing between >99% of the global population. Only 4 of the 9,667 strains contained mutations near transpeptidase active sites of PBP2x or PBP1a. The reported PBP2x T553K substitution was not identified. These findings are in contrast to those of 2,520 S. pneumococcus sequences where PBP mutations are relatively frequent and are often located in key β-lactam binding pockets. These data, combined with the general lack of penicillin resistance reported in S. pyogenes worldwide, suggests that extensive, unknown constraints restrict S. pyogenes PBP sequence plasticity. Our findings imply that while heavy antibiotic pressure may select for mutations in the PBPs, there is currently no evidence of such mutations becoming fixed in the S. pyogenes population or that mutations are being sequentially acquired in the PBPs. IMPORTANCE β-Lactam antibiotics are the first-line therapeutic option for Streptococcus pyogenes infections. Despite the global high prevalence of S. pyogenes infections and widespread use of β-lactams worldwide, reports of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, have been incredibly rare. Recently, β-lactam resistance, as defined by clinical breakpoints, was detected in two clinical S. pyogenes isolates with accompanying mutations in the active site of the penicillin binding protein PBP2x, raising concerns that β-lactam resistance will become more widespread. We screened a global database of S. pyogenes genome sequences to investigate the frequency of PBP mutations, identifying that PBP mutations are uncommon relative to those of Streptococcus pneumoniae. These findings support clinical observations that β-lactam resistance is rare in S. pyogenes and suggest that there are considerable constraints on S. pyogenes PBP sequence variation.
format	article
author	Andrew Hayes Jake A. Lacey Jacqueline M. Morris Mark R. Davies Steven Y. C. Tong
author_facet	Andrew Hayes Jake A. Lacey Jacqueline M. Morris Mark R. Davies Steven Y. C. Tong
author_sort	Andrew Hayes
title	Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
title_short	Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
title_full	Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
title_fullStr	Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
title_full_unstemmed	Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins
title_sort	restricted sequence variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> penicillin binding proteins
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/33272d6b2bc74c76b1c99e71b5d93a43
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Restricted Sequence Variation in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Streptococcus pyogenes</named-content> Penicillin Binding Proteins

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