Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.

Myxozoa are microscopic obligate endoparasites with complex live cycles. Representatives are Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease in salmonids, and the enigmatic "orphan worm" Buddenbrockia plumatellae parasitizing in Bryozoa. Originally, Myxozoa were classified as...

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Autores principales:	Maximilian P Nesnidal, Martin Helmkampf, Iris Bruchhaus, Mansour El-Matbouli, Bernhard Hausdorf
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/334e935d4a88421e84ffb4225962eb26
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:334e935d4a88421e84ffb4225962eb262021-11-18T07:59:33ZAgent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0054576https://doaj.org/article/334e935d4a88421e84ffb4225962eb262013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23382916/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Myxozoa are microscopic obligate endoparasites with complex live cycles. Representatives are Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease in salmonids, and the enigmatic "orphan worm" Buddenbrockia plumatellae parasitizing in Bryozoa. Originally, Myxozoa were classified as protists, but later several metazoan characteristics were reported. However, their phylogenetic relationships remained doubtful. Some molecular phylogenetic analyses placed them as sister group to or even within Bilateria, whereas the possession of polar capsules that are similar to nematocysts of Cnidaria and of minicollagen genes suggest a close relationship between Myxozoa and Cnidaria. EST data of Buddenbrockia also indicated a cnidarian origin of Myxozoa, but were not sufficient to reject a closer relationship to bilaterians. Phylogenomic analyses of new genomic sequences of Myxobolus cerebralis firmly place Myxozoa as sister group to Medusozoa within Cnidaria. Based on the new dataset, the alternative hypothesis that Myxozoa form a clade with Bilateria can be rejected using topology tests. Sensitivity analyses indicate that this result is not affected by long branch attraction artifacts or compositional bias.Maximilian P NesnidalMartin HelmkampfIris BruchhausMansour El-MatbouliBernhard HausdorfPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e54576 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Maximilian P Nesnidal Martin Helmkampf Iris Bruchhaus Mansour El-Matbouli Bernhard Hausdorf Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
description	Myxozoa are microscopic obligate endoparasites with complex live cycles. Representatives are Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease in salmonids, and the enigmatic "orphan worm" Buddenbrockia plumatellae parasitizing in Bryozoa. Originally, Myxozoa were classified as protists, but later several metazoan characteristics were reported. However, their phylogenetic relationships remained doubtful. Some molecular phylogenetic analyses placed them as sister group to or even within Bilateria, whereas the possession of polar capsules that are similar to nematocysts of Cnidaria and of minicollagen genes suggest a close relationship between Myxozoa and Cnidaria. EST data of Buddenbrockia also indicated a cnidarian origin of Myxozoa, but were not sufficient to reject a closer relationship to bilaterians. Phylogenomic analyses of new genomic sequences of Myxobolus cerebralis firmly place Myxozoa as sister group to Medusozoa within Cnidaria. Based on the new dataset, the alternative hypothesis that Myxozoa form a clade with Bilateria can be rejected using topology tests. Sensitivity analyses indicate that this result is not affected by long branch attraction artifacts or compositional bias.
format	article
author	Maximilian P Nesnidal Martin Helmkampf Iris Bruchhaus Mansour El-Matbouli Bernhard Hausdorf
author_facet	Maximilian P Nesnidal Martin Helmkampf Iris Bruchhaus Mansour El-Matbouli Bernhard Hausdorf
author_sort	Maximilian P Nesnidal
title	Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
title_short	Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
title_full	Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
title_fullStr	Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
title_full_unstemmed	Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.
title_sort	agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place myxozoa in cnidaria.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/334e935d4a88421e84ffb4225962eb26
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Agent of whirling disease meets orphan worm: phylogenomic analyses firmly place Myxozoa in Cnidaria.

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