Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators

Abstract It has been shown that local four-fermion interactions on the edges of two-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological insulators give rise to a new non-Fermi-liquid phase, called helical Luttinger liquid (HLL). Here, we provide a first-principle derivation of this HLL based on the gaug...

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Autores principales:	Natália Menezes, Giandomenico Palumbo, Cristiane Morais Smith
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/33986a7ddb584d39891938ad7c43b75c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:33986a7ddb584d39891938ad7c43b75c2021-12-02T11:53:07ZConformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators10.1038/s41598-017-14635-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/33986a7ddb584d39891938ad7c43b75c2017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14635-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract It has been shown that local four-fermion interactions on the edges of two-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological insulators give rise to a new non-Fermi-liquid phase, called helical Luttinger liquid (HLL). Here, we provide a first-principle derivation of this HLL based on the gauge-theory approach. We start by considering massless Dirac fermions confined on the one-dimensional boundary of the topological insulator and interacting through a three-dimensional quantum dynamical electromagnetic field. Within these assumptions, through a dimensional-reduction procedure, we derive the effective 1 + 1-dimensional interacting fermionic theory and reveal its underlying gauge theory. In the low-energy regime, the gauge theory that describes the edge states is given by a conformal quantum electrodynamics (CQED), which can be mapped exactly into a HLL with a Luttinger parameter and a renormalized Fermi velocity that depend on the value of the fine-structure constant α.Natália MenezesGiandomenico PalumboCristiane Morais SmithNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Natália Menezes Giandomenico Palumbo Cristiane Morais Smith Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
description	Abstract It has been shown that local four-fermion interactions on the edges of two-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological insulators give rise to a new non-Fermi-liquid phase, called helical Luttinger liquid (HLL). Here, we provide a first-principle derivation of this HLL based on the gauge-theory approach. We start by considering massless Dirac fermions confined on the one-dimensional boundary of the topological insulator and interacting through a three-dimensional quantum dynamical electromagnetic field. Within these assumptions, through a dimensional-reduction procedure, we derive the effective 1 + 1-dimensional interacting fermionic theory and reveal its underlying gauge theory. In the low-energy regime, the gauge theory that describes the edge states is given by a conformal quantum electrodynamics (CQED), which can be mapped exactly into a HLL with a Luttinger parameter and a renormalized Fermi velocity that depend on the value of the fine-structure constant α.
format	article
author	Natália Menezes Giandomenico Palumbo Cristiane Morais Smith
author_facet	Natália Menezes Giandomenico Palumbo Cristiane Morais Smith
author_sort	Natália Menezes
title	Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
title_short	Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
title_full	Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
title_fullStr	Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
title_full_unstemmed	Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators
title_sort	conformal qed in two-dimensional topological insulators
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/33986a7ddb584d39891938ad7c43b75c
work_keys_str_mv	AT nataliamenezes conformalqedintwodimensionaltopologicalinsulators AT giandomenicopalumbo conformalqedintwodimensionaltopologicalinsulators AT cristianemoraissmith conformalqedintwodimensionaltopologicalinsulators
_version_	1718394858457006080

Conformal QED in two-dimensional topological insulators

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