Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening

Rapid cold hardening (RCH) is a rapid and critical adaption of insects to sudden temperature changes but is often overlooked or underestimated as a component of survival. Thus, interspecific comparisons of RCH are needed to predict how phenotypes will adapt to temperature variability. RCH not only e...

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Autores principales:	Junaid Iqbal, Xiao-Xiang Zhang, Ya-Wen Chang, Yu-Zhou Du
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Liriomyza</i> spp. sudden temperature change rapid cold hardening cold tolerance supercooling point Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/33e17bbb37624ca58f56d9cbb5d5a101
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:33e17bbb37624ca58f56d9cbb5d5a1012021-11-25T18:00:04ZDifferential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening10.3390/insects121110412075-4450https://doaj.org/article/33e17bbb37624ca58f56d9cbb5d5a1012021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/1041https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Rapid cold hardening (RCH) is a rapid and critical adaption of insects to sudden temperature changes but is often overlooked or underestimated as a component of survival. Thus, interspecific comparisons of RCH are needed to predict how phenotypes will adapt to temperature variability. RCH not only enhances cold survival but also protects against non-lethal cold injury by preserving essential functions such as locomotion, reproduction, and energy balance. This study investigated the difference in basal cold tolerance and RCH capacity of <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i>. In both species, the cold tolerance of pupae was significantly enhanced after short-term exposure to moderately cold temperatures. The effect of RCH last for 4 h in <i>L. sativae</i> but only 2 h in <i>L. trifolii</i>. Interestingly, <i>L. trifolii</i> adults had a RCH response but <i>L. sativae</i> adults failed to acclimate. Short-term acclimation also lowered the supercooling point significantly in the pupae of both species. Based on these results, we propose a hypothesis that these differences will eventually affect their competition in the context of climate change. This study also provides the basis for future metabolomic and transcriptomic studies that may ultimately uncover the underlying mechanisms of RCH and interspecific competition between <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i>.Junaid IqbalXiao-Xiang ZhangYa-Wen ChangYu-Zhou DuMDPI AGarticle<i>Liriomyza</i> spp.sudden temperature changerapid cold hardeningcold tolerancesupercooling pointScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 1041, p 1041 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Liriomyza</i> spp. sudden temperature change rapid cold hardening cold tolerance supercooling point Science Q
spellingShingle	<i>Liriomyza</i> spp. sudden temperature change rapid cold hardening cold tolerance supercooling point Science Q Junaid Iqbal Xiao-Xiang Zhang Ya-Wen Chang Yu-Zhou Du Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
description	Rapid cold hardening (RCH) is a rapid and critical adaption of insects to sudden temperature changes but is often overlooked or underestimated as a component of survival. Thus, interspecific comparisons of RCH are needed to predict how phenotypes will adapt to temperature variability. RCH not only enhances cold survival but also protects against non-lethal cold injury by preserving essential functions such as locomotion, reproduction, and energy balance. This study investigated the difference in basal cold tolerance and RCH capacity of <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i>. In both species, the cold tolerance of pupae was significantly enhanced after short-term exposure to moderately cold temperatures. The effect of RCH last for 4 h in <i>L. sativae</i> but only 2 h in <i>L. trifolii</i>. Interestingly, <i>L. trifolii</i> adults had a RCH response but <i>L. sativae</i> adults failed to acclimate. Short-term acclimation also lowered the supercooling point significantly in the pupae of both species. Based on these results, we propose a hypothesis that these differences will eventually affect their competition in the context of climate change. This study also provides the basis for future metabolomic and transcriptomic studies that may ultimately uncover the underlying mechanisms of RCH and interspecific competition between <i>L</i>. <i>trifolii</i> and <i>L</i>. <i>sativae</i>.
format	article
author	Junaid Iqbal Xiao-Xiang Zhang Ya-Wen Chang Yu-Zhou Du
author_facet	Junaid Iqbal Xiao-Xiang Zhang Ya-Wen Chang Yu-Zhou Du
author_sort	Junaid Iqbal
title	Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
title_short	Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
title_full	Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
title_fullStr	Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
title_full_unstemmed	Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening
title_sort	differential response of leafminer flies <i>liriomyza trifolii</i> (burgess) and <i>liriomyza sativae</i> (blanchard) to rapid cold hardening
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/33e17bbb37624ca58f56d9cbb5d5a101
work_keys_str_mv	AT junaidiqbal differentialresponseofleafminerfliesiliriomyzatrifoliiiburgessandiliriomyzasativaeiblanchardtorapidcoldhardening AT xiaoxiangzhang differentialresponseofleafminerfliesiliriomyzatrifoliiiburgessandiliriomyzasativaeiblanchardtorapidcoldhardening AT yawenchang differentialresponseofleafminerfliesiliriomyzatrifoliiiburgessandiliriomyzasativaeiblanchardtorapidcoldhardening AT yuzhoudu differentialresponseofleafminerfliesiliriomyzatrifoliiiburgessandiliriomyzasativaeiblanchardtorapidcoldhardening
_version_	1718411734544285696

Differential Response of Leafminer Flies <i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess) and <i>Liriomyza sativae</i> (Blanchard) to Rapid Cold Hardening

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