Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays

Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The...

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Autor principal:	Salih M. Awadh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Union of Iraqi Geologists (UIG) 2021
Materias:	Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3429592979f7481984aff2cdce434c8e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3429592979f7481984aff2cdce434c8e2021-11-06T11:55:28ZDesigning Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays2414-60642663-875410.46717/igj.54.2D.7Ms-2021-10-26https://doaj.org/article/3429592979f7481984aff2cdce434c8e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://igj-iraq.org/igj/index.php/igj/article/view/743https://doaj.org/toc/2414-6064https://doaj.org/toc/2663-8754 Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The marl in the Euphrates Formation was studied as an alternative to arable lands. Nine boreholes drilled and penetrated the marl layer in selected locations at the Kufa cement quarry. Forty-one samples of marl from boreholes and four samples of limestone from the closed area were collected. The chemical content of the major oxides and the hardness of the marl layer was very encouraging as a raw material for Portland Cement as they are SiO2 (17.60), CaO (37.89), MgO (1.94), Fe2O3 (2.47), Al2O3 (4.21), K2O (0.731), SO3 (0.35), and Na2O (0.062). The marl was used in designing a raw material mix suitable for rotary kiln feed and produced a clinker conforming to the approved specifications. The designing a raw mix consisting of 80.30% of marl with 19.70% of limestone. The investment of the marl layer can be used as an ideal alternative to the arable clay giving fit quality to the international specifications, reducing production costs during quarry operations, reducing the energy consumption and equipment wearing.Salih M. AwadhUnion of Iraqi Geologists (UIG)articleGeologyQE1-996.5ENIraqi Geological Journal, Vol 54, Iss 2D, Pp 87-97 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	Geology QE1-996.5 Salih M. Awadh Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
description	Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The marl in the Euphrates Formation was studied as an alternative to arable lands. Nine boreholes drilled and penetrated the marl layer in selected locations at the Kufa cement quarry. Forty-one samples of marl from boreholes and four samples of limestone from the closed area were collected. The chemical content of the major oxides and the hardness of the marl layer was very encouraging as a raw material for Portland Cement as they are SiO2 (17.60), CaO (37.89), MgO (1.94), Fe2O3 (2.47), Al2O3 (4.21), K2O (0.731), SO3 (0.35), and Na2O (0.062). The marl was used in designing a raw material mix suitable for rotary kiln feed and produced a clinker conforming to the approved specifications. The designing a raw mix consisting of 80.30% of marl with 19.70% of limestone. The investment of the marl layer can be used as an ideal alternative to the arable clay giving fit quality to the international specifications, reducing production costs during quarry operations, reducing the energy consumption and equipment wearing.
format	article
author	Salih M. Awadh
author_facet	Salih M. Awadh
author_sort	Salih M. Awadh
title	Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
title_short	Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
title_full	Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
title_fullStr	Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
title_full_unstemmed	Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
title_sort	designing raw mix for manufacturing portland cement using euphrates formation marl instead of clays
publisher	Union of Iraqi Geologists (UIG)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3429592979f7481984aff2cdce434c8e
work_keys_str_mv	AT salihmawadh designingrawmixformanufacturingportlandcementusingeuphratesformationmarlinsteadofclays
_version_	1718443659617107968

Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays

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