Superfluid flow above the critical velocity

Abstract Superfluidity and superconductivity have been widely studied since the last century in many different contexts ranging from nuclear matter to atomic quantum gases. The rigidity of these systems with respect to external perturbations results in frictionless motion for superfluids and resista...

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Autores principales:	A. Paris-Mandoki, J. Shearring, F. Mancarella, T. M. Fromhold, A. Trombettoni, P. Krüger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/342c747e421f48758c868a636d10993f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:342c747e421f48758c868a636d10993f2021-12-02T11:52:38ZSuperfluid flow above the critical velocity10.1038/s41598-017-08941-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/342c747e421f48758c868a636d10993f2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08941-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Superfluidity and superconductivity have been widely studied since the last century in many different contexts ranging from nuclear matter to atomic quantum gases. The rigidity of these systems with respect to external perturbations results in frictionless motion for superfluids and resistance-free electric current flow in superconductors. This peculiar behaviour is lost when external perturbations overcome a critical threshold, i.e. above a critical magnetic field or a critical current for superconductors. In superfluids, such as liquid helium or ultracold gases, the corresponding quantities are a critical rotation rate and a critical velocity respectively. Enhancing the critical values is of great fundamental and practical value. Here we demonstrate that superfluidity can be completely restored for specific, arbitrarily large flow velocities above the critical velocity through quantum interference-induced resonances providing a nonlinear counterpart of the Ramsauer-Townsend effect occurring in ordinary quantum mechanics. We illustrate the robustness of this phenomenon through a thorough analysis in one dimension and prove its generality by showing the persistence of the effect in non-trivial 2d systems. This has far reaching consequences for the fundamental understanding of superfluidity and superconductivity and opens up new application possibilities in quantum metrology, e.g. in rotation sensing.A. Paris-MandokiJ. ShearringF. MancarellaT. M. FromholdA. TrombettoniP. KrügerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q A. Paris-Mandoki J. Shearring F. Mancarella T. M. Fromhold A. Trombettoni P. Krüger Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
description	Abstract Superfluidity and superconductivity have been widely studied since the last century in many different contexts ranging from nuclear matter to atomic quantum gases. The rigidity of these systems with respect to external perturbations results in frictionless motion for superfluids and resistance-free electric current flow in superconductors. This peculiar behaviour is lost when external perturbations overcome a critical threshold, i.e. above a critical magnetic field or a critical current for superconductors. In superfluids, such as liquid helium or ultracold gases, the corresponding quantities are a critical rotation rate and a critical velocity respectively. Enhancing the critical values is of great fundamental and practical value. Here we demonstrate that superfluidity can be completely restored for specific, arbitrarily large flow velocities above the critical velocity through quantum interference-induced resonances providing a nonlinear counterpart of the Ramsauer-Townsend effect occurring in ordinary quantum mechanics. We illustrate the robustness of this phenomenon through a thorough analysis in one dimension and prove its generality by showing the persistence of the effect in non-trivial 2d systems. This has far reaching consequences for the fundamental understanding of superfluidity and superconductivity and opens up new application possibilities in quantum metrology, e.g. in rotation sensing.
format	article
author	A. Paris-Mandoki J. Shearring F. Mancarella T. M. Fromhold A. Trombettoni P. Krüger
author_facet	A. Paris-Mandoki J. Shearring F. Mancarella T. M. Fromhold A. Trombettoni P. Krüger
author_sort	A. Paris-Mandoki
title	Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
title_short	Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
title_full	Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
title_fullStr	Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
title_full_unstemmed	Superfluid flow above the critical velocity
title_sort	superfluid flow above the critical velocity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/342c747e421f48758c868a636d10993f
work_keys_str_mv	AT aparismandoki superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity AT jshearring superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity AT fmancarella superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity AT tmfromhold superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity AT atrombettoni superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity AT pkruger superfluidflowabovethecriticalvelocity
_version_	1718394976117719040

Superfluid flow above the critical velocity

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