FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region

Introduction: Hypothyroidism increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) have been used as a noninvasive method to detect atherosclerosis. But the literature is scarce on patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Such a study was not...

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Autores principales:	Bandana Kumari, Bhupender Kumar, Dalip Gupta, Neeraj Ganju
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021
Materias:	atherosclerosis carotid intima thickness endothelial dysfunction flow-mediated dilation overt hypothyroidism subclinical hypothyroidism Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/34966424fcf54eb3a98c5dc68aedef39
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:34966424fcf54eb3a98c5dc68aedef392021-11-12T10:10:55ZFMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region2230-821010.4103/ijem.IJEM_247_21https://doaj.org/article/34966424fcf54eb3a98c5dc68aedef392021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.ijem.in/article.asp?issn=2230-8210;year=2021;volume=25;issue=3;spage=220;epage=225;aulast=Kumarihttps://doaj.org/toc/2230-8210Introduction: Hypothyroidism increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) have been used as a noninvasive method to detect atherosclerosis. But the literature is scarce on patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Such a study was not done in our region, so we conducted this study at a tertiary care center to compare CIMT and FMD among subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients and to analyze the risk of atherosclerosis. Methods: We evaluated 68 patients aged 18–50 years, with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. We divided them into overt and subclinical hypothyroidism groups and compared the findings. All analyses were performed by the computerized SPSS 17.0. The results were noted as means ± SD and percentage. Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables, and the Chi-square test was used to compare differences. Results: The total number of patients with dyslipidemia in the subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) group was 22 (45.83%) and in the overt hypothyroidism (OH) group was 26 (54.16%) with a P- value of 0.009. The mean FMD% in subclinical hypothyroidism patients was 6.9816 ± 3.4224 and in overt hypothyroidism patients was 5.3670 ± 2.7278 (P = 0.03). The mean CIMT was 0.5009 ± 0.0732, CIMT in the SCH group was 0.5082 ± 0.0672 and in the OH group was 0.5305 ± 0.0799 (P = 0.2). Conclusion: The outcome of this study specifies that hypothyroidism is associated with endothelial dysfunction as established by impaired FMD, and it may be the first marker of atherosclerosis appearing before any structural evidence like CIMT. We can speculate that there is a link between subclinical hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis, and thyroxine replacement in SCH may help to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis.Bandana KumariBhupender KumarDalip GuptaNeeraj GanjuWolters Kluwer Medknow Publicationsarticleatherosclerosiscarotid intima thicknessendothelial dysfunctionflow-mediated dilationovert hypothyroidismsubclinical hypothyroidismDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665Diseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENIndian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 25, Iss 3, Pp 220-225 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	atherosclerosis carotid intima thickness endothelial dysfunction flow-mediated dilation overt hypothyroidism subclinical hypothyroidism Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
spellingShingle	atherosclerosis carotid intima thickness endothelial dysfunction flow-mediated dilation overt hypothyroidism subclinical hypothyroidism Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Bandana Kumari Bhupender Kumar Dalip Gupta Neeraj Ganju FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
description	Introduction: Hypothyroidism increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) have been used as a noninvasive method to detect atherosclerosis. But the literature is scarce on patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Such a study was not done in our region, so we conducted this study at a tertiary care center to compare CIMT and FMD among subclinical and overt hypothyroid patients and to analyze the risk of atherosclerosis. Methods: We evaluated 68 patients aged 18–50 years, with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. We divided them into overt and subclinical hypothyroidism groups and compared the findings. All analyses were performed by the computerized SPSS 17.0. The results were noted as means ± SD and percentage. Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables, and the Chi-square test was used to compare differences. Results: The total number of patients with dyslipidemia in the subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) group was 22 (45.83%) and in the overt hypothyroidism (OH) group was 26 (54.16%) with a P- value of 0.009. The mean FMD% in subclinical hypothyroidism patients was 6.9816 ± 3.4224 and in overt hypothyroidism patients was 5.3670 ± 2.7278 (P = 0.03). The mean CIMT was 0.5009 ± 0.0732, CIMT in the SCH group was 0.5082 ± 0.0672 and in the OH group was 0.5305 ± 0.0799 (P = 0.2). Conclusion: The outcome of this study specifies that hypothyroidism is associated with endothelial dysfunction as established by impaired FMD, and it may be the first marker of atherosclerosis appearing before any structural evidence like CIMT. We can speculate that there is a link between subclinical hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis, and thyroxine replacement in SCH may help to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis.
format	article
author	Bandana Kumari Bhupender Kumar Dalip Gupta Neeraj Ganju
author_facet	Bandana Kumari Bhupender Kumar Dalip Gupta Neeraj Ganju
author_sort	Bandana Kumari
title	FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
title_short	FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
title_full	FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
title_fullStr	FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
title_full_unstemmed	FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region
title_sort	fmd and cimt: surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub himalyan region
publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/34966424fcf54eb3a98c5dc68aedef39
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FMD and CIMT: Surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in sub Himalyan Region

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