Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.

In recent years, the human gut microbiome has been recognised to play a pivotal role in the health of the host. Intestinal homeostasis relies on this intricate and complex relationship between the gut microbiota and the human host. While much effort and attention has been placed on the characterizat...

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Autores principales:	Steven Santino Leonardi, Feng-Jun Li, Melissa Su-Juan Chee, John Anthony Yason, Hui Yi Tay, John Yu-Shen Chen, Eileen Yiling Koh, Cynthia Ying-Xin He, Kevin Shyong-Wei Tan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/34bb6420228c4550bcd304008a441437
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:34bb6420228c4550bcd304008a4414372021-12-02T20:24:11ZCharacterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009730https://doaj.org/article/34bb6420228c4550bcd304008a4414372021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009730https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735In recent years, the human gut microbiome has been recognised to play a pivotal role in the health of the host. Intestinal homeostasis relies on this intricate and complex relationship between the gut microbiota and the human host. While much effort and attention has been placed on the characterization of the organisms that inhabit the gut microbiome, the complex molecular cross-talk between the microbiota could also exert an effect on gastrointestinal conditions. Blastocystis is a single-cell eukaryotic parasite of emerging interest, as its beneficial or pathogenic role in the microbiota has been a subject of contention even to-date. In this study, we assessed the function of the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene (BhTnaA), which was acquired by horizontal gene transfer and likely to be of bacterial origin within Blastocystis. Bioinformatic analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction revealed distinct divergence of BhTnaA versus known bacterial homologs. Despite sharing high homology with the E. coli tryptophanase gene, we show that Blastocystis does not readily convert tryptophan into indole. Instead, BhTnaA preferentially catalyzes the conversion of indole to tryptophan. We also show a direct link between E. coli and Blastocystis tryptophan metabolism: In the presence of E. coli, Blastocystis ST7 is less able to metabolise indole to tryptophan. This study examines the potential for functional variation in horizontally-acquired genes relative to their canonical counterparts, and identifies Blastocystis as a possible producer of tryptophan within the gut.Steven Santino LeonardiFeng-Jun LiMelissa Su-Juan CheeJohn Anthony YasonHui Yi TayJohn Yu-Shen ChenEileen Yiling KohCynthia Ying-Xin HeKevin Shyong-Wei TanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009730 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Steven Santino Leonardi Feng-Jun Li Melissa Su-Juan Chee John Anthony Yason Hui Yi Tay John Yu-Shen Chen Eileen Yiling Koh Cynthia Ying-Xin He Kevin Shyong-Wei Tan Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
description	In recent years, the human gut microbiome has been recognised to play a pivotal role in the health of the host. Intestinal homeostasis relies on this intricate and complex relationship between the gut microbiota and the human host. While much effort and attention has been placed on the characterization of the organisms that inhabit the gut microbiome, the complex molecular cross-talk between the microbiota could also exert an effect on gastrointestinal conditions. Blastocystis is a single-cell eukaryotic parasite of emerging interest, as its beneficial or pathogenic role in the microbiota has been a subject of contention even to-date. In this study, we assessed the function of the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene (BhTnaA), which was acquired by horizontal gene transfer and likely to be of bacterial origin within Blastocystis. Bioinformatic analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction revealed distinct divergence of BhTnaA versus known bacterial homologs. Despite sharing high homology with the E. coli tryptophanase gene, we show that Blastocystis does not readily convert tryptophan into indole. Instead, BhTnaA preferentially catalyzes the conversion of indole to tryptophan. We also show a direct link between E. coli and Blastocystis tryptophan metabolism: In the presence of E. coli, Blastocystis ST7 is less able to metabolise indole to tryptophan. This study examines the potential for functional variation in horizontally-acquired genes relative to their canonical counterparts, and identifies Blastocystis as a possible producer of tryptophan within the gut.
format	article
author	Steven Santino Leonardi Feng-Jun Li Melissa Su-Juan Chee John Anthony Yason Hui Yi Tay John Yu-Shen Chen Eileen Yiling Koh Cynthia Ying-Xin He Kevin Shyong-Wei Tan
author_facet	Steven Santino Leonardi Feng-Jun Li Melissa Su-Juan Chee John Anthony Yason Hui Yi Tay John Yu-Shen Chen Eileen Yiling Koh Cynthia Ying-Xin He Kevin Shyong-Wei Tan
author_sort	Steven Santino Leonardi
title	Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
title_short	Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
title_full	Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
title_fullStr	Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
title_full_unstemmed	Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
title_sort	characterisation of novel functionality within the blastocystis tryptophanase gene.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/34bb6420228c4550bcd304008a441437
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Characterisation of novel functionality within the Blastocystis tryptophanase gene.

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