Identification of Shiga-Toxin-Producing Shigella Infections in Travel and Non-Travel Related Cases in Alberta, Canada
It has long been accepted that Shiga toxin (Stx) only exists in <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> serotype 1. However, in recent decades, the presence of Shiga toxin genes (<i>stx</i>) in other <i>Shigella</i> spp. have been reported. We screened 366 <i>Shigella f...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Language: | EN |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/34d8d435e8e8459fac7d17d86616b65f |
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| Summary: | It has long been accepted that Shiga toxin (Stx) only exists in <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> serotype 1. However, in recent decades, the presence of Shiga toxin genes (<i>stx</i>) in other <i>Shigella</i> spp. have been reported. We screened 366 <i>Shigella flexneri</i> strains from Alberta, Canada (2003 to 2016) for <i>stx</i> and 26 positive strains were identified. These isolates are highly related with the majority originating from the Dominican Republic and three isolates with Haiti origin. Both phylogenetic and spanning tree analysis of the 26 Alberta and 29 <i>stx</i> positive <i>S. flexneri</i> originating from the U.S., France, Canada (Quebec) and Haiti suggests that there are geographic specific distribution patterns (Haiti and Dominican Republic clades). This study provides the first comprehensive whole genome based phylogenetic analysis of <i>stx</i> positive <i>S. flexneri</i> strains as well as their global transmission, which signify the public health risks of global spreading of these strains. |
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