Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom

Summary: Background: Social and material deprivation accelerate the development of multimorbidity, yet the mechanisms which drive multimorbidity pathways and trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to examine the association between health inequality, risk factors and accumulation or resolution of LT...

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Autores principales:	Alessandra Bisquera, Ellie Bragan Turner, Lesedi Ledwaba-Chapman, Rupert Dunbar-Rees, Nasrin Hafezparast, Martin Gulliford, Stevo Durbaba, Marina Soley-Bori, Julia Fox-Rushby, Hiten Dodhia, Mark Ashworth, Yanzhong Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Multimorbidity Multi state markov chain Probabilities Long term conditions Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/34e59e75a5ba4f988a87ba5432954e6e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:34e59e75a5ba4f988a87ba5432954e6e2021-12-02T05:04:22ZInequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom2666-776210.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100247https://doaj.org/article/34e59e75a5ba4f988a87ba5432954e6e2022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776221002337https://doaj.org/toc/2666-7762Summary: Background: Social and material deprivation accelerate the development of multimorbidity, yet the mechanisms which drive multimorbidity pathways and trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to examine the association between health inequality, risk factors and accumulation or resolution of LTCs, taking disease sequences into consideration. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort of adults aged 18 years and over, registered between April 2005 and May 2020 in general practices in one inner London borough (n = 826,936). Thirty-two long term conditions (LTCs) were selected using a consensus process, based on a definition adapted to the demographic characteristics of the local population. sThe development and resolution of these LTCs were examined according to sociodemographic and clinical risk factors (hypertension; moderate obesity (BMI 30·0–39·9 kg/m2), high cholesterol (total cholesterol > 5 mmol/L), smoking, high alcohol consumption (>14 units per week), and psychoactive substance use), through the application of multistate Markov chain models. Findings: Participants were followed up for a median of 4.2 years (IQR = 1·8 - 8·4); 631,760 (76%) entered the study with no LTCs, 121,424 (15%) with 1 LTC, 41,720 (5%) with 2 LTCs, and 31,966 (4%) with three or more LTCs. At the end of follow-up, 194,777 (24%) gained one or more LTCs, while 45,017 (5%) had resolved LTCs and 27,021 (3%) died. In multistate models, deprivation (hazard ratio [HR] between 1·30 to 1·64), female sex (HR 1·13 to 1·20), and Black ethnicity (HR 1·20 to 1·30; vs White) were independently associated with increased risk of transition from one to two LTCs, and shorter time spent in a healthy state. Substance use was the strongest risk factor for multimorbidity with an 85% probability of gaining LTCs over the next year. First order Markov chains identified consistent disease sequences including: chronic pain or osteoarthritis followed by anxiety and depression; alcohol and substance dependency followed by HIV, viral hepatitis, and liver disease; and morbid obesity followed by diabetes, hypertension, and chronic pain. Interpretation: We examined the relations among 32 LTCs, taking the order of disease occurrence into consideration. Distinctive patterns for the development and accumulation of multimorbidity have emerged, with increased risk of transitioning from no conditions to multimorbidity and mortality related to ethnicity, deprivation and gender. Musculoskeletal disorders, morbid obesity and substance abuse represent common entry points to multimorbidity trajectories.Alessandra BisqueraEllie Bragan TurnerLesedi Ledwaba-ChapmanRupert Dunbar-ReesNasrin HafezparastMartin GullifordStevo DurbabaMarina Soley-BoriJulia Fox-RushbyHiten DodhiaMark AshworthYanzhong WangElsevierarticleMultimorbidityMulti state markov chainProbabilitiesLong term conditionsPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENThe Lancet Regional Health. Europe, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100247- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Multimorbidity Multi state markov chain Probabilities Long term conditions Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Multimorbidity Multi state markov chain Probabilities Long term conditions Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Alessandra Bisquera Ellie Bragan Turner Lesedi Ledwaba-Chapman Rupert Dunbar-Rees Nasrin Hafezparast Martin Gulliford Stevo Durbaba Marina Soley-Bori Julia Fox-Rushby Hiten Dodhia Mark Ashworth Yanzhong Wang Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
description	Summary: Background: Social and material deprivation accelerate the development of multimorbidity, yet the mechanisms which drive multimorbidity pathways and trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to examine the association between health inequality, risk factors and accumulation or resolution of LTCs, taking disease sequences into consideration. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort of adults aged 18 years and over, registered between April 2005 and May 2020 in general practices in one inner London borough (n = 826,936). Thirty-two long term conditions (LTCs) were selected using a consensus process, based on a definition adapted to the demographic characteristics of the local population. sThe development and resolution of these LTCs were examined according to sociodemographic and clinical risk factors (hypertension; moderate obesity (BMI 30·0–39·9 kg/m2), high cholesterol (total cholesterol > 5 mmol/L), smoking, high alcohol consumption (>14 units per week), and psychoactive substance use), through the application of multistate Markov chain models. Findings: Participants were followed up for a median of 4.2 years (IQR = 1·8 - 8·4); 631,760 (76%) entered the study with no LTCs, 121,424 (15%) with 1 LTC, 41,720 (5%) with 2 LTCs, and 31,966 (4%) with three or more LTCs. At the end of follow-up, 194,777 (24%) gained one or more LTCs, while 45,017 (5%) had resolved LTCs and 27,021 (3%) died. In multistate models, deprivation (hazard ratio [HR] between 1·30 to 1·64), female sex (HR 1·13 to 1·20), and Black ethnicity (HR 1·20 to 1·30; vs White) were independently associated with increased risk of transition from one to two LTCs, and shorter time spent in a healthy state. Substance use was the strongest risk factor for multimorbidity with an 85% probability of gaining LTCs over the next year. First order Markov chains identified consistent disease sequences including: chronic pain or osteoarthritis followed by anxiety and depression; alcohol and substance dependency followed by HIV, viral hepatitis, and liver disease; and morbid obesity followed by diabetes, hypertension, and chronic pain. Interpretation: We examined the relations among 32 LTCs, taking the order of disease occurrence into consideration. Distinctive patterns for the development and accumulation of multimorbidity have emerged, with increased risk of transitioning from no conditions to multimorbidity and mortality related to ethnicity, deprivation and gender. Musculoskeletal disorders, morbid obesity and substance abuse represent common entry points to multimorbidity trajectories.
format	article
author	Alessandra Bisquera Ellie Bragan Turner Lesedi Ledwaba-Chapman Rupert Dunbar-Rees Nasrin Hafezparast Martin Gulliford Stevo Durbaba Marina Soley-Bori Julia Fox-Rushby Hiten Dodhia Mark Ashworth Yanzhong Wang
author_facet	Alessandra Bisquera Ellie Bragan Turner Lesedi Ledwaba-Chapman Rupert Dunbar-Rees Nasrin Hafezparast Martin Gulliford Stevo Durbaba Marina Soley-Bori Julia Fox-Rushby Hiten Dodhia Mark Ashworth Yanzhong Wang
author_sort	Alessandra Bisquera
title	Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
title_short	Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
title_full	Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
title_fullStr	Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
title_full_unstemmed	Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom
title_sort	inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: a population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the united kingdom
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/34e59e75a5ba4f988a87ba5432954e6e
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Inequalities in developing multimorbidity over time: A population-based cohort study from an urban, multi-ethnic borough in the United Kingdom

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