Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments

Abstract Pyomelanin is a polymer of homogentisic acid synthesized by microorganisms. This work aimed to develop a production process and evaluate the quality of the pigment. Three procedures have been elaborated and optimized, (1) an HGA-Mn2+ chemical autoxidation (PyoCHEM yield 0.317 g/g substrate)...

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Autores principales:	Faustine Lorquin, Fabio Ziarelli, Agnès Amouric, Carole Di Giorgio, Maxime Robin, Philippe Piccerelle, Jean Lorquin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35109aca520b44f796dd7ea85f0897db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35109aca520b44f796dd7ea85f0897db2021-12-02T13:39:55ZProduction and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments10.1038/s41598-021-87328-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/35109aca520b44f796dd7ea85f0897db2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87328-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Pyomelanin is a polymer of homogentisic acid synthesized by microorganisms. This work aimed to develop a production process and evaluate the quality of the pigment. Three procedures have been elaborated and optimized, (1) an HGA-Mn2+ chemical autoxidation (PyoCHEM yield 0.317 g/g substrate), (2) an induced bacterial culture of Halomonas titanicae through the 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid-1-hydroxylase route (PyoBACT, 0.55 g/L), and (3) a process using a recombinant laccase extract with the highest level produced (PyoENZ, 1.25 g/g substrate) and all the criteria for a large-scale prototype. The chemical structures had been investigated by 13C solid-state NMR (CP-MAS) and FTIR. Car–Car bindings predominated in the three polymers, Car–O–Car (ether) linkages being absent, proposing mainly C3-C6 (α-bindings) and C4-C6 (β-bindings) configurations. This work highlighted a biological decarboxylation by the laccase or bacterial oxidase(s), leading to the partly formation of gentisyl alcohol and gentisaldehyde that are integral parts of the polymer. By comparison, PyoENZ exhibited an Mw of 5,400 Da, was hyperthermostable, non-cytotoxic even after irradiation, scavenged ROS induced by keratinocytes, and had a highly DPPH-antioxidant and Fe3+-reducing activity. As a representative pigment of living cells and an available standard, PyoENZ might also be useful for applications in extreme conditions and skin protection.Faustine LorquinFabio ZiarelliAgnès AmouricCarole Di GiorgioMaxime RobinPhilippe PiccerelleJean LorquinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Faustine Lorquin Fabio Ziarelli Agnès Amouric Carole Di Giorgio Maxime Robin Philippe Piccerelle Jean Lorquin Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
description	Abstract Pyomelanin is a polymer of homogentisic acid synthesized by microorganisms. This work aimed to develop a production process and evaluate the quality of the pigment. Three procedures have been elaborated and optimized, (1) an HGA-Mn2+ chemical autoxidation (PyoCHEM yield 0.317 g/g substrate), (2) an induced bacterial culture of Halomonas titanicae through the 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid-1-hydroxylase route (PyoBACT, 0.55 g/L), and (3) a process using a recombinant laccase extract with the highest level produced (PyoENZ, 1.25 g/g substrate) and all the criteria for a large-scale prototype. The chemical structures had been investigated by 13C solid-state NMR (CP-MAS) and FTIR. Car–Car bindings predominated in the three polymers, Car–O–Car (ether) linkages being absent, proposing mainly C3-C6 (α-bindings) and C4-C6 (β-bindings) configurations. This work highlighted a biological decarboxylation by the laccase or bacterial oxidase(s), leading to the partly formation of gentisyl alcohol and gentisaldehyde that are integral parts of the polymer. By comparison, PyoENZ exhibited an Mw of 5,400 Da, was hyperthermostable, non-cytotoxic even after irradiation, scavenged ROS induced by keratinocytes, and had a highly DPPH-antioxidant and Fe3+-reducing activity. As a representative pigment of living cells and an available standard, PyoENZ might also be useful for applications in extreme conditions and skin protection.
format	article
author	Faustine Lorquin Fabio Ziarelli Agnès Amouric Carole Di Giorgio Maxime Robin Philippe Piccerelle Jean Lorquin
author_facet	Faustine Lorquin Fabio Ziarelli Agnès Amouric Carole Di Giorgio Maxime Robin Philippe Piccerelle Jean Lorquin
author_sort	Faustine Lorquin
title	Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
title_short	Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
title_full	Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
title_fullStr	Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
title_full_unstemmed	Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
title_sort	production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/35109aca520b44f796dd7ea85f0897db
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Production and properties of non-cytotoxic pyomelanin by laccase and comparison to bacterial and synthetic pigments

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