One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.

Understanding the principles governing axonal and dendritic branching is essential for unravelling the functionality of single neurons and the way in which they connect. Nevertheless, no formalism has yet been described which can capture the general features of neuronal branching. Here we propose su...

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Autores principales:	Hermann Cuntz, Friedrich Forstner, Alexander Borst, Michael Häusser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3510fe9a3f4841c3b1a52f6ca8a32f77
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3510fe9a3f4841c3b1a52f6ca8a32f772021-11-18T05:49:25ZOne rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1000877https://doaj.org/article/3510fe9a3f4841c3b1a52f6ca8a32f772010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20700495/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Understanding the principles governing axonal and dendritic branching is essential for unravelling the functionality of single neurons and the way in which they connect. Nevertheless, no formalism has yet been described which can capture the general features of neuronal branching. Here we propose such a formalism, which is derived from the expression of dendritic arborizations as locally optimized graphs. Inspired by Ramón y Cajal's laws of conservation of cytoplasm and conduction time in neural circuitry, we show that this graphical representation can be used to optimize these variables. This approach allows us to generate synthetic branching geometries which replicate morphological features of any tested neuron. The essential structure of a neuronal tree is thereby captured by the density profile of its spanning field and by a single parameter, a balancing factor weighing the costs for material and conduction time. This balancing factor determines a neuron's electrotonic compartmentalization. Additions to this rule, when required in the construction process, can be directly attributed to developmental processes or a neuron's computational role within its neural circuit. The simulations presented here are implemented in an open-source software package, the "TREES toolbox," which provides a general set of tools for analyzing, manipulating, and generating dendritic structure, including a tool to create synthetic members of any particular cell group and an approach for a model-based supervised automatic morphological reconstruction from fluorescent image stacks. These approaches provide new insights into the constraints governing dendritic architectures. They also provide a novel framework for modelling and analyzing neuronal branching structures and for constructing realistic synthetic neural networks.Hermann CuntzFriedrich ForstnerAlexander BorstMichael HäusserPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 6, Iss 8 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Hermann Cuntz Friedrich Forstner Alexander Borst Michael Häusser One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
description	Understanding the principles governing axonal and dendritic branching is essential for unravelling the functionality of single neurons and the way in which they connect. Nevertheless, no formalism has yet been described which can capture the general features of neuronal branching. Here we propose such a formalism, which is derived from the expression of dendritic arborizations as locally optimized graphs. Inspired by Ramón y Cajal's laws of conservation of cytoplasm and conduction time in neural circuitry, we show that this graphical representation can be used to optimize these variables. This approach allows us to generate synthetic branching geometries which replicate morphological features of any tested neuron. The essential structure of a neuronal tree is thereby captured by the density profile of its spanning field and by a single parameter, a balancing factor weighing the costs for material and conduction time. This balancing factor determines a neuron's electrotonic compartmentalization. Additions to this rule, when required in the construction process, can be directly attributed to developmental processes or a neuron's computational role within its neural circuit. The simulations presented here are implemented in an open-source software package, the "TREES toolbox," which provides a general set of tools for analyzing, manipulating, and generating dendritic structure, including a tool to create synthetic members of any particular cell group and an approach for a model-based supervised automatic morphological reconstruction from fluorescent image stacks. These approaches provide new insights into the constraints governing dendritic architectures. They also provide a novel framework for modelling and analyzing neuronal branching structures and for constructing realistic synthetic neural networks.
format	article
author	Hermann Cuntz Friedrich Forstner Alexander Borst Michael Häusser
author_facet	Hermann Cuntz Friedrich Forstner Alexander Borst Michael Häusser
author_sort	Hermann Cuntz
title	One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
title_short	One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
title_full	One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
title_fullStr	One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
title_full_unstemmed	One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
title_sort	one rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/3510fe9a3f4841c3b1a52f6ca8a32f77
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One rule to grow them all: a general theory of neuronal branching and its practical application.

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