Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Abstract Demand is increasing for superhydrophobic materials in many applications, such as membrane distillation, separation and special coating technologies. In this study, we report a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to fabricate superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials (CNM) on nickel (Ni)-do...

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Autores principales:	Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily, Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi, Rasel Das, Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid, N. Awanis Hashim, Mohamed Khalid AlOmar, Haiyam Mohammed Alayan, Mikhail Novikov, Qusay F. Alsalhy, Mohd Ali Hashim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3516fe3e8b2540deaf772030198bf2f3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3516fe3e8b2540deaf772030198bf2f32021-12-02T15:08:04ZOptimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition10.1038/s41598-018-21051-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3516fe3e8b2540deaf772030198bf2f32018-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21051-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Demand is increasing for superhydrophobic materials in many applications, such as membrane distillation, separation and special coating technologies. In this study, we report a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to fabricate superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials (CNM) on nickel (Ni)-doped powder activated carbon (PAC). The reaction temperature, reaction time and H2/C2H2 gas ratio were optimized to achieve the optimum contact angle (CA) and carbon yield (CY). For the highest CY (380%) and CA (177°), the optimal reaction temperatures were 702 °C and 687 °C, respectively. However, both the reaction time (40 min) and gas ratio (1.0) were found to have similar effects on CY and CA. Based on the Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, the CNM could be categorized into two main groups: a) carbon spheres (CS) free carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and b) CS mixed with CNFs, which were formed at 650 and 750 °C, respectively. Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis also support this finding. The hydrophobicity of the CNM, expressed by the CA, follows the trend of CS-mixed CNFs (CA: 177°) > CS-free CNFs (CA: 167°) > PAC/Ni (CA: 65°). This paves the way for future applications of synthesized CNM to fabricate water-repellent industrial-grade technologies.Mustafa Mohammed AljumailyMohammed Abdulhakim AlsaadiRasel DasSharifah Bee Abd HamidN. Awanis HashimMohamed Khalid AlOmarHaiyam Mohammed AlayanMikhail NovikovQusay F. AlsalhyMohd Ali HashimNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi Rasel Das Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid N. Awanis Hashim Mohamed Khalid AlOmar Haiyam Mohammed Alayan Mikhail Novikov Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohd Ali Hashim Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
description	Abstract Demand is increasing for superhydrophobic materials in many applications, such as membrane distillation, separation and special coating technologies. In this study, we report a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to fabricate superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials (CNM) on nickel (Ni)-doped powder activated carbon (PAC). The reaction temperature, reaction time and H2/C2H2 gas ratio were optimized to achieve the optimum contact angle (CA) and carbon yield (CY). For the highest CY (380%) and CA (177°), the optimal reaction temperatures were 702 °C and 687 °C, respectively. However, both the reaction time (40 min) and gas ratio (1.0) were found to have similar effects on CY and CA. Based on the Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, the CNM could be categorized into two main groups: a) carbon spheres (CS) free carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and b) CS mixed with CNFs, which were formed at 650 and 750 °C, respectively. Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis also support this finding. The hydrophobicity of the CNM, expressed by the CA, follows the trend of CS-mixed CNFs (CA: 177°) > CS-free CNFs (CA: 167°) > PAC/Ni (CA: 65°). This paves the way for future applications of synthesized CNM to fabricate water-repellent industrial-grade technologies.
format	article
author	Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi Rasel Das Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid N. Awanis Hashim Mohamed Khalid AlOmar Haiyam Mohammed Alayan Mikhail Novikov Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohd Ali Hashim
author_facet	Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Mohammed Abdulhakim Alsaadi Rasel Das Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid N. Awanis Hashim Mohamed Khalid AlOmar Haiyam Mohammed Alayan Mikhail Novikov Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohd Ali Hashim
author_sort	Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily
title	Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
title_short	Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
title_full	Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
title_fullStr	Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition
title_sort	optimization of the synthesis of superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials by chemical vapor deposition
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/3516fe3e8b2540deaf772030198bf2f3
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_version_	1718388243396820992

Optimization of the Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Carbon Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition

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