Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.

At birth, human infants are poised to survive in harsh, hostile conditions. An understanding of the state of newborn skin development and maturation is key to the maintenance of health, optimum response to injury, healing and disease. The observational study collected full-thickness newborn skin sam...

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Autores principales:	Marty O Visscher, Ping Hu, Andrew N Carr, Charles C Bascom, Robert J Isfort, Kellen Creswell, Rachel Adams, Jay P Tiesman, Karen Lammers, Vivek Narendran
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35230c75490e419493a50cf076f10a62
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35230c75490e419493a50cf076f10a622021-12-02T20:16:48ZNewborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258554https://doaj.org/article/35230c75490e419493a50cf076f10a622021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258554https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203At birth, human infants are poised to survive in harsh, hostile conditions. An understanding of the state of newborn skin development and maturation is key to the maintenance of health, optimum response to injury, healing and disease. The observational study collected full-thickness newborn skin samples from 27 infants at surgery and compared them to skin samples from 43 adult sites protected from ultraviolet radiation exposure, as the standard for stable, mature skin. Transcriptomics profiling and gene set enrichment analysis were performed. Statistical analysis established over 25,000 differentially regulated probe sets, representing 10,647 distinct genes, in infant skin compared to adult skin. Gene set enrichment analysis showed a significant increase in 143 biological processes (adjusted p < 0.01) in infant skin, versus adult skin samples, including extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cell adhesion, collagen fibril organization and fatty acid metabolic process. ECM organization and ECM structure organization were the biological processes in infant skin with the lowest adjusted P-value. Genes involving epidermal development, immune function, cell differentiation, and hair cycle were overexpressed in adults, representing 101 significantly enriched biological processes (adjusted p < 0.01). The processes with the highest significant difference were skin and epidermal development, e.g., keratinocyte differentiation, keratinization and cornification intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization and hair cycle. Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes also involved immune function, including antigen processing and presentation. When compared to ultraviolet radiation-protected adult skin, our results provide essential insight into infant skin and its ability to support the newborn's preparedness to survive and flourish, despite the infant's new environment laden with microbes, high oxygen tension and potential irritants. This fundamental knowledge is expected to guide strategies to protect and preserve the features of unperturbed, young skin.Marty O VisscherPing HuAndrew N CarrCharles C BascomRobert J IsfortKellen CreswellRachel AdamsJay P TiesmanKaren LammersVivek NarendranPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258554 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marty O Visscher Ping Hu Andrew N Carr Charles C Bascom Robert J Isfort Kellen Creswell Rachel Adams Jay P Tiesman Karen Lammers Vivek Narendran Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
description	At birth, human infants are poised to survive in harsh, hostile conditions. An understanding of the state of newborn skin development and maturation is key to the maintenance of health, optimum response to injury, healing and disease. The observational study collected full-thickness newborn skin samples from 27 infants at surgery and compared them to skin samples from 43 adult sites protected from ultraviolet radiation exposure, as the standard for stable, mature skin. Transcriptomics profiling and gene set enrichment analysis were performed. Statistical analysis established over 25,000 differentially regulated probe sets, representing 10,647 distinct genes, in infant skin compared to adult skin. Gene set enrichment analysis showed a significant increase in 143 biological processes (adjusted p < 0.01) in infant skin, versus adult skin samples, including extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, cell adhesion, collagen fibril organization and fatty acid metabolic process. ECM organization and ECM structure organization were the biological processes in infant skin with the lowest adjusted P-value. Genes involving epidermal development, immune function, cell differentiation, and hair cycle were overexpressed in adults, representing 101 significantly enriched biological processes (adjusted p < 0.01). The processes with the highest significant difference were skin and epidermal development, e.g., keratinocyte differentiation, keratinization and cornification intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization and hair cycle. Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes also involved immune function, including antigen processing and presentation. When compared to ultraviolet radiation-protected adult skin, our results provide essential insight into infant skin and its ability to support the newborn's preparedness to survive and flourish, despite the infant's new environment laden with microbes, high oxygen tension and potential irritants. This fundamental knowledge is expected to guide strategies to protect and preserve the features of unperturbed, young skin.
format	article
author	Marty O Visscher Ping Hu Andrew N Carr Charles C Bascom Robert J Isfort Kellen Creswell Rachel Adams Jay P Tiesman Karen Lammers Vivek Narendran
author_facet	Marty O Visscher Ping Hu Andrew N Carr Charles C Bascom Robert J Isfort Kellen Creswell Rachel Adams Jay P Tiesman Karen Lammers Vivek Narendran
author_sort	Marty O Visscher
title	Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
title_short	Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
title_full	Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
title_fullStr	Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
title_full_unstemmed	Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.
title_sort	newborn infant skin gene expression: remarkable differences versus adults.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/35230c75490e419493a50cf076f10a62
work_keys_str_mv	AT martyovisscher newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT pinghu newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT andrewncarr newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT charlescbascom newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT robertjisfort newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT kellencreswell newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT racheladams newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT jayptiesman newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT karenlammers newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults AT viveknarendran newborninfantskingeneexpressionremarkabledifferencesversusadults
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Newborn infant skin gene expression: Remarkable differences versus adults.

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