Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go

Abstract Despite the substantial global burden of human fungal infections, there are no approved fungal vaccines to protect at risk individuals. Here, we review the progress that has been made and the challenges that lie ahead in the quest towards efficacious fungal vaccines. In mouse studies, prote...

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Autores principales:	Lorena V. N. Oliveira, Ruiying Wang, Charles A. Specht, Stuart M. Levitz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3533b1cf9858451ca3dd793cf9e1cccc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3533b1cf9858451ca3dd793cf9e1cccc2021-12-02T13:30:10ZVaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go10.1038/s41541-021-00294-82059-0105https://doaj.org/article/3533b1cf9858451ca3dd793cf9e1cccc2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-021-00294-8https://doaj.org/toc/2059-0105Abstract Despite the substantial global burden of human fungal infections, there are no approved fungal vaccines to protect at risk individuals. Here, we review the progress that has been made and the challenges that lie ahead in the quest towards efficacious fungal vaccines. In mouse studies, protection has been achieved with vaccines directed against fungal pathogens, including species of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus, that most commonly cause life-threatening human disease. Encouraging results have been obtained with vaccines composed of live-attenuated and killed fungi, crude extracts, recombinant subunit formulations, and nucleic acid vaccines. Novel adjuvants that instruct the immune system to mount the types of protective responses needed to fight mycotic infections are under development. Candidate vaccines include those that target common antigens expressed on multiple genera of fungi thereby protecting against a broad range of mycoses. Encouragingly, three vaccines have reached human clinical trials. Still, formidable obstacles must be overcome before we will have fungal vaccines licensed for human use.Lorena V. N. OliveiraRuiying WangCharles A. SpechtStuart M. LevitzNature PortfolioarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENnpj Vaccines, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Lorena V. N. Oliveira Ruiying Wang Charles A. Specht Stuart M. Levitz Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
description	Abstract Despite the substantial global burden of human fungal infections, there are no approved fungal vaccines to protect at risk individuals. Here, we review the progress that has been made and the challenges that lie ahead in the quest towards efficacious fungal vaccines. In mouse studies, protection has been achieved with vaccines directed against fungal pathogens, including species of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus, that most commonly cause life-threatening human disease. Encouraging results have been obtained with vaccines composed of live-attenuated and killed fungi, crude extracts, recombinant subunit formulations, and nucleic acid vaccines. Novel adjuvants that instruct the immune system to mount the types of protective responses needed to fight mycotic infections are under development. Candidate vaccines include those that target common antigens expressed on multiple genera of fungi thereby protecting against a broad range of mycoses. Encouragingly, three vaccines have reached human clinical trials. Still, formidable obstacles must be overcome before we will have fungal vaccines licensed for human use.
format	article
author	Lorena V. N. Oliveira Ruiying Wang Charles A. Specht Stuart M. Levitz
author_facet	Lorena V. N. Oliveira Ruiying Wang Charles A. Specht Stuart M. Levitz
author_sort	Lorena V. N. Oliveira
title	Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
title_short	Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
title_full	Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
title_fullStr	Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
title_full_unstemmed	Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
title_sort	vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3533b1cf9858451ca3dd793cf9e1cccc
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Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go

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