ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest biological hazard for the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though numerous diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, new diagnosis strategies are being developed, looking for less expensi...

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Autores principales:	Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl, Gustavo J. Vazquez-Zapien, Miguel Sanchez-Brito, Jorge H. Limon-Pacheco, Melissa Guerrero-Ruiz, Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez, Raul J. Delgado-Macuil, Maria G. Garcia de Jesus, Miguel A. Corona-Perezgrovas, Armando Pereyra-Talamantes, Monica M. Mata-Miranda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/358ed29e174b48eaa901aadcdec3ed88
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:358ed29e174b48eaa901aadcdec3ed882021-12-02T17:13:17ZATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients10.1038/s41598-021-99529-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/358ed29e174b48eaa901aadcdec3ed882021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99529-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest biological hazard for the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though numerous diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, new diagnosis strategies are being developed, looking for less expensive methods to be used as screening. This study aimed to establish salivary vibrational modes analyzed by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to detect COVID-19 biological fingerprints that allow the discrimination between COVID-19 and healthy patients. Clinical dates, laboratories, and saliva samples of COVID-19 patients (N = 255) and healthy persons (N = 1209) were obtained and analyzed through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Then, a multivariate linear regression model (MLRM) was developed. The COVID-19 patients showed low SaO2, cough, dyspnea, headache, and fever principally. C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, d-dimer, and ferritin were the most important altered laboratory blood tests, which were increased. In addition, changes in amide I and immunoglobulin regions were evidenced in the FTIR spectra analysis, and the MLRM showed clear discrimination between both groups. Specific salivary vibrational modes employing ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were established; moreover, the COVID-19 biological fingerprint in saliva was characterized, allowing the COVID-19 detection using an MLRM, which could be helpful for the development of new diagnostic devices.Adriana Martinez-CuazitlGustavo J. Vazquez-ZapienMiguel Sanchez-BritoJorge H. Limon-PachecoMelissa Guerrero-RuizFrancisco Garibay-GonzalezRaul J. Delgado-MacuilMaria G. Garcia de JesusMiguel A. Corona-PerezgrovasArmando Pereyra-TalamantesMonica M. Mata-MirandaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl Gustavo J. Vazquez-Zapien Miguel Sanchez-Brito Jorge H. Limon-Pacheco Melissa Guerrero-Ruiz Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez Raul J. Delgado-Macuil Maria G. Garcia de Jesus Miguel A. Corona-Perezgrovas Armando Pereyra-Talamantes Monica M. Mata-Miranda ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
description	Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest biological hazard for the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though numerous diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed, new diagnosis strategies are being developed, looking for less expensive methods to be used as screening. This study aimed to establish salivary vibrational modes analyzed by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to detect COVID-19 biological fingerprints that allow the discrimination between COVID-19 and healthy patients. Clinical dates, laboratories, and saliva samples of COVID-19 patients (N = 255) and healthy persons (N = 1209) were obtained and analyzed through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Then, a multivariate linear regression model (MLRM) was developed. The COVID-19 patients showed low SaO2, cough, dyspnea, headache, and fever principally. C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, d-dimer, and ferritin were the most important altered laboratory blood tests, which were increased. In addition, changes in amide I and immunoglobulin regions were evidenced in the FTIR spectra analysis, and the MLRM showed clear discrimination between both groups. Specific salivary vibrational modes employing ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were established; moreover, the COVID-19 biological fingerprint in saliva was characterized, allowing the COVID-19 detection using an MLRM, which could be helpful for the development of new diagnostic devices.
format	article
author	Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl Gustavo J. Vazquez-Zapien Miguel Sanchez-Brito Jorge H. Limon-Pacheco Melissa Guerrero-Ruiz Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez Raul J. Delgado-Macuil Maria G. Garcia de Jesus Miguel A. Corona-Perezgrovas Armando Pereyra-Talamantes Monica M. Mata-Miranda
author_facet	Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl Gustavo J. Vazquez-Zapien Miguel Sanchez-Brito Jorge H. Limon-Pacheco Melissa Guerrero-Ruiz Francisco Garibay-Gonzalez Raul J. Delgado-Macuil Maria G. Garcia de Jesus Miguel A. Corona-Perezgrovas Armando Pereyra-Talamantes Monica M. Mata-Miranda
author_sort	Adriana Martinez-Cuazitl
title	ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
title_short	ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
title_full	ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
title_fullStr	ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
title_full_unstemmed	ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients
title_sort	atr-ftir spectrum analysis of saliva samples from covid-19 positive patients
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/358ed29e174b48eaa901aadcdec3ed88
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ATR-FTIR spectrum analysis of saliva samples from COVID-19 positive patients

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