Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial

Abstract Low vitamin D levels have been associated with cognitive decline; however, few randomized trials have been conducted. In a trial, we evaluated vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive decline. We included participants aged 60+ years (mean[SD] = 70.9[5.8] years) free of cardiovascular disease...

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Autores principales:	Jae H. Kang, Chirag M. Vyas, Olivia I. Okereke, Soshiro Ogata, Michelle Albert, I.-Min Lee, Denise D’Agostino, Julie E. Buring, Nancy R. Cook, Francine Grodstein, JoAnn E. Manson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35a5a245887140e7845eaa93dfd5e075
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35a5a245887140e7845eaa93dfd5e0752021-12-05T12:16:19ZEffect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial10.1038/s41598-021-02485-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/35a5a245887140e7845eaa93dfd5e0752021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02485-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Low vitamin D levels have been associated with cognitive decline; however, few randomized trials have been conducted. In a trial, we evaluated vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive decline. We included participants aged 60+ years (mean[SD] = 70.9[5.8] years) free of cardiovascular disease and cancer in two substudies in the VITAL 2 × 2 randomized trial of vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day of cholecalciferol) and fish oil supplements: 3424 had cognitive assessments by phone (eight neuropsychologic tests; 2.8 years follow-up) and 794 had in-person assessments (nine tests; 2.0 years follow-up). The primary, pre-specified outcome was decline over two assessments in global composite score (average z-scores of all tests); substudy-specific results were meta-analyzed. The pooled mean difference in annual rate of decline (MD) for vitamin D3 versus placebo was 0.01 (95% CI − 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.39). We observed no interaction with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels (p-interaction = 0.84) and a significant interaction with self-reported race (p-interaction = 0.01). Among Black participants (19%), those assigned vitamin D3 versus placebo had better cognitive maintenance (MD = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.08, similar to that observed for Black participants 1.2 years apart in age). Thus, vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day cholecalciferol) supplementation was not associated with cognitive decline over 2–3 years among community-dwelling older participants but may provide modest cognitive benefits in older Black adults, although these results need confirmation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; VITAL (NCT01169259), VITAL-DEP (NCT01696435) and VITAL-Cog (NCT01669915); the date the registration for the parent trial (NCT01169259) was submitted to the registry: 7/26/2010 and the date of first patient enrollment in either of the ancillary studies for cognitive function in a subset of eligible VITAL participants: 9/14/2011.Jae H. KangChirag M. VyasOlivia I. OkerekeSoshiro OgataMichelle AlbertI.-Min LeeDenise D’AgostinoJulie E. BuringNancy R. CookFrancine GrodsteinJoAnn E. MansonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jae H. Kang Chirag M. Vyas Olivia I. Okereke Soshiro Ogata Michelle Albert I.-Min Lee Denise D’Agostino Julie E. Buring Nancy R. Cook Francine Grodstein JoAnn E. Manson Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
description	Abstract Low vitamin D levels have been associated with cognitive decline; however, few randomized trials have been conducted. In a trial, we evaluated vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive decline. We included participants aged 60+ years (mean[SD] = 70.9[5.8] years) free of cardiovascular disease and cancer in two substudies in the VITAL 2 × 2 randomized trial of vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day of cholecalciferol) and fish oil supplements: 3424 had cognitive assessments by phone (eight neuropsychologic tests; 2.8 years follow-up) and 794 had in-person assessments (nine tests; 2.0 years follow-up). The primary, pre-specified outcome was decline over two assessments in global composite score (average z-scores of all tests); substudy-specific results were meta-analyzed. The pooled mean difference in annual rate of decline (MD) for vitamin D3 versus placebo was 0.01 (95% CI − 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.39). We observed no interaction with baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels (p-interaction = 0.84) and a significant interaction with self-reported race (p-interaction = 0.01). Among Black participants (19%), those assigned vitamin D3 versus placebo had better cognitive maintenance (MD = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.08, similar to that observed for Black participants 1.2 years apart in age). Thus, vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day cholecalciferol) supplementation was not associated with cognitive decline over 2–3 years among community-dwelling older participants but may provide modest cognitive benefits in older Black adults, although these results need confirmation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; VITAL (NCT01169259), VITAL-DEP (NCT01696435) and VITAL-Cog (NCT01669915); the date the registration for the parent trial (NCT01169259) was submitted to the registry: 7/26/2010 and the date of first patient enrollment in either of the ancillary studies for cognitive function in a subset of eligible VITAL participants: 9/14/2011.
format	article
author	Jae H. Kang Chirag M. Vyas Olivia I. Okereke Soshiro Ogata Michelle Albert I.-Min Lee Denise D’Agostino Julie E. Buring Nancy R. Cook Francine Grodstein JoAnn E. Manson
author_facet	Jae H. Kang Chirag M. Vyas Olivia I. Okereke Soshiro Ogata Michelle Albert I.-Min Lee Denise D’Agostino Julie E. Buring Nancy R. Cook Francine Grodstein JoAnn E. Manson
author_sort	Jae H. Kang
title	Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
title_short	Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
title_full	Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
title_fullStr	Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial
title_sort	effect of vitamin d on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the vital randomized trial
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/35a5a245887140e7845eaa93dfd5e075
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Effect of vitamin D on cognitive decline: results from two ancillary studies of the VITAL randomized trial

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