Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons

ABSTRACT It is well known that rhizosphere microbiomes differ from those of surrounding soil, and yet we know little about how these root-associated microbial communities change through the growing season and between seasons. We analyzed the response of soil bacteria to roots of the common annual gr...

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Autores principales:	Shengjing Shi, Erin Nuccio, Donald J. Herman, Ruud Rijkers, Katerina Estera, Jiabao Li, Ulisses Nunes da Rocha, Zhili He, Jennifer Pett-Ridge, Eoin L. Brodie, Jizhong Zhou, Mary Firestone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2015
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35a74ab0d81e4dadbc2fb52da0410e7b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35a74ab0d81e4dadbc2fb52da0410e7b2021-11-15T15:41:26ZSuccessional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons10.1128/mBio.00746-152150-7511https://doaj.org/article/35a74ab0d81e4dadbc2fb52da0410e7b2015-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00746-15https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT It is well known that rhizosphere microbiomes differ from those of surrounding soil, and yet we know little about how these root-associated microbial communities change through the growing season and between seasons. We analyzed the response of soil bacteria to roots of the common annual grass Avena fatua over two growing seasons using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Over the two periods of growth, the rhizosphere bacterial communities followed consistent successional patterns as plants grew, although the starting communities were distinct. Succession in the rhizosphere was characterized by a significant decrease in both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity relative to background soil communities, driven by reductions in both richness and evenness of the bacterial communities. Plant roots selectively stimulated the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes but reduced the abundance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Taxa that increased in relative abundance in the rhizosphere soil displayed phylogenetic clustering, suggesting some conservation and an evolutionary basis for the response of complex soil bacterial communities to the presence of plant roots. The reproducibility of rhizosphere succession and the apparent phylogenetic conservation of rhizosphere competence traits suggest adaptation of the indigenous bacterial community to this common grass over the many decades of its presence. IMPORTANCE We document the successional patterns of rhizosphere bacterial communities associated with a “wild” annual grass, Avena fatua, which is commonly a dominant plant in Mediterranean-type annual grasslands around the world; the plant was grown in its grassland soil. Most studies documenting rhizosphere microbiomes address “domesticated” plants growing in soils to which they are introduced. Rhizosphere bacterial communities exhibited a pattern of temporal succession that was consistent and repeatable over two growing seasons. There are few studies assessing the reproducibility over multiple seasons. Through the growing season, the rhizosphere community became progressively less diverse, likely reflecting root homogenization of soil microniches. Phylogenetic clustering of the rhizosphere dynamic taxa suggests evolutionary adaptation to Avena roots. The reproducibility of rhizosphere succession and the apparent phylogenetic conservation of rhizosphere competence traits suggest adaptation of the indigenous bacterial community to this common grass over the many decades of its presence.Shengjing ShiErin NuccioDonald J. HermanRuud RijkersKaterina EsteraJiabao LiUlisses Nunes da RochaZhili HeJennifer Pett-RidgeEoin L. BrodieJizhong ZhouMary FirestoneAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 6, Iss 4 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Shengjing Shi Erin Nuccio Donald J. Herman Ruud Rijkers Katerina Estera Jiabao Li Ulisses Nunes da Rocha Zhili He Jennifer Pett-Ridge Eoin L. Brodie Jizhong Zhou Mary Firestone Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
description	ABSTRACT It is well known that rhizosphere microbiomes differ from those of surrounding soil, and yet we know little about how these root-associated microbial communities change through the growing season and between seasons. We analyzed the response of soil bacteria to roots of the common annual grass Avena fatua over two growing seasons using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Over the two periods of growth, the rhizosphere bacterial communities followed consistent successional patterns as plants grew, although the starting communities were distinct. Succession in the rhizosphere was characterized by a significant decrease in both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity relative to background soil communities, driven by reductions in both richness and evenness of the bacterial communities. Plant roots selectively stimulated the relative abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes but reduced the abundance of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Taxa that increased in relative abundance in the rhizosphere soil displayed phylogenetic clustering, suggesting some conservation and an evolutionary basis for the response of complex soil bacterial communities to the presence of plant roots. The reproducibility of rhizosphere succession and the apparent phylogenetic conservation of rhizosphere competence traits suggest adaptation of the indigenous bacterial community to this common grass over the many decades of its presence. IMPORTANCE We document the successional patterns of rhizosphere bacterial communities associated with a “wild” annual grass, Avena fatua, which is commonly a dominant plant in Mediterranean-type annual grasslands around the world; the plant was grown in its grassland soil. Most studies documenting rhizosphere microbiomes address “domesticated” plants growing in soils to which they are introduced. Rhizosphere bacterial communities exhibited a pattern of temporal succession that was consistent and repeatable over two growing seasons. There are few studies assessing the reproducibility over multiple seasons. Through the growing season, the rhizosphere community became progressively less diverse, likely reflecting root homogenization of soil microniches. Phylogenetic clustering of the rhizosphere dynamic taxa suggests evolutionary adaptation to Avena roots. The reproducibility of rhizosphere succession and the apparent phylogenetic conservation of rhizosphere competence traits suggest adaptation of the indigenous bacterial community to this common grass over the many decades of its presence.
format	article
author	Shengjing Shi Erin Nuccio Donald J. Herman Ruud Rijkers Katerina Estera Jiabao Li Ulisses Nunes da Rocha Zhili He Jennifer Pett-Ridge Eoin L. Brodie Jizhong Zhou Mary Firestone
author_facet	Shengjing Shi Erin Nuccio Donald J. Herman Ruud Rijkers Katerina Estera Jiabao Li Ulisses Nunes da Rocha Zhili He Jennifer Pett-Ridge Eoin L. Brodie Jizhong Zhou Mary Firestone
author_sort	Shengjing Shi
title	Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
title_short	Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
title_full	Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
title_fullStr	Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
title_full_unstemmed	Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons
title_sort	successional trajectories of rhizosphere bacterial communities over consecutive seasons
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/35a74ab0d81e4dadbc2fb52da0410e7b
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Successional Trajectories of Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities over Consecutive Seasons

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