Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms

Alessandro Gialluisi,1 Federica Santonastaso,2 Marialaura Bonaccio,1 Francesca Bracone,1 Nitin Shivappa,3,4 James R Hebert,3,4 Chiara Cerletti,1 Maria Benedetta Donati,1 Giovanni de Gaetano,1 Licia Iacoviello1,2 On behalf of the Moli-sani Investigators1Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCC...

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Autores principales:	Gialluisi A, Santonastaso F, Bonaccio M, Bracone F, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	dietary inflammatory index depressive symptoms atypical depression circulating inflammation granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio white blood cells Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35b608e26bb842a7a034e8d4cf1d6989
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35b608e26bb842a7a034e8d4cf1d69892021-12-02T17:27:56ZCirculating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms1178-7031https://doaj.org/article/35b608e26bb842a7a034e8d4cf1d69892021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/circulating-inflammation-markers-partly-explain-the-link-between-the-d-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7031Alessandro Gialluisi,1 Federica Santonastaso,2 Marialaura Bonaccio,1 Francesca Bracone,1 Nitin Shivappa,3,4 James R Hebert,3,4 Chiara Cerletti,1 Maria Benedetta Donati,1 Giovanni de Gaetano,1 Licia Iacoviello1,2 On behalf of the Moli-sani Investigators1Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; 2Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 3Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; 4Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USACorrespondence: Alessandro GialluisiDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via dell´Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, ItalyTel +390865915244Email alessandro.gialluisi@gmail.comBackground: Depression is a mood disorder characterized by a high rate of resistance to pharmacological treatments, which has often been linked to chronic inflammation. This can be influenced by different environmental factors, in particular pro-inflammatory diets. However, a mediating role of circulating inflammation has never been observed.Aim: To test the association between a dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and continuous depressive symptoms (adapted version of PHQ9) in an Italian population cohort (N=13,301), along with potential explanatory effect of a composite index (INFLA-score) based on four circulating inflammatory biomarkers: C-reactive protein, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet and white blood cell counts.Results: Significant positive associations were observed between DII and total depressive symptoms (standardized β (SE) = 0.038 (0.005), p < 0.001), and with two factors tagging somatic (0.012 (0.003), p < 0.001) and cognitive symptoms (0.012 (0.003), p < 0.001), after adjustment for different potential confounders (socioeconomic status, chronic health conditions and lifestyles). These associations were about twice as strong in women than in men. INFLA-score explained a small but significant proportion of the association with total depressive symptoms (0.90– 2.30%, p < 0.05), which was mainly driven by granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (1.18– 1.65%). This effect was even stronger for the somatic (2.66– 4.66%) but not for the cognitive factor (0%).Conclusion: These findings support a strong link between inflammatory diet and depression, especially with somatic symptoms and within women. Moreover, they provide novel evidence for a potential explanatory role of circulating inflammation in this association, suggesting new paths for prevention and treatment of major and atypical depression.Keywords: dietary inflammatory index, depressive symptoms, atypical depression, circulating inflammation, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, white blood cellsGialluisi ASantonastaso FBonaccio MBracone FShivappa NHebert JRCerletti CDonati MBde Gaetano GIacoviello LDove Medical Pressarticledietary inflammatory indexdepressive symptomsatypical depressioncirculating inflammationgranulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratiowhite blood cellsPathologyRB1-214Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENJournal of Inflammation Research, Vol Volume 14, Pp 4955-4968 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dietary inflammatory index depressive symptoms atypical depression circulating inflammation granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio white blood cells Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	dietary inflammatory index depressive symptoms atypical depression circulating inflammation granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio white blood cells Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Gialluisi A Santonastaso F Bonaccio M Bracone F Shivappa N Hebert JR Cerletti C Donati MB de Gaetano G Iacoviello L Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
description	Alessandro Gialluisi,1 Federica Santonastaso,2 Marialaura Bonaccio,1 Francesca Bracone,1 Nitin Shivappa,3,4 James R Hebert,3,4 Chiara Cerletti,1 Maria Benedetta Donati,1 Giovanni de Gaetano,1 Licia Iacoviello1,2 On behalf of the Moli-sani Investigators1Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; 2Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy; 3Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; 4Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USACorrespondence: Alessandro GialluisiDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via dell´Elettronica, 86077, Pozzilli, ItalyTel +390865915244Email alessandro.gialluisi@gmail.comBackground: Depression is a mood disorder characterized by a high rate of resistance to pharmacological treatments, which has often been linked to chronic inflammation. This can be influenced by different environmental factors, in particular pro-inflammatory diets. However, a mediating role of circulating inflammation has never been observed.Aim: To test the association between a dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and continuous depressive symptoms (adapted version of PHQ9) in an Italian population cohort (N=13,301), along with potential explanatory effect of a composite index (INFLA-score) based on four circulating inflammatory biomarkers: C-reactive protein, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet and white blood cell counts.Results: Significant positive associations were observed between DII and total depressive symptoms (standardized β (SE) = 0.038 (0.005), p < 0.001), and with two factors tagging somatic (0.012 (0.003), p < 0.001) and cognitive symptoms (0.012 (0.003), p < 0.001), after adjustment for different potential confounders (socioeconomic status, chronic health conditions and lifestyles). These associations were about twice as strong in women than in men. INFLA-score explained a small but significant proportion of the association with total depressive symptoms (0.90– 2.30%, p < 0.05), which was mainly driven by granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (1.18– 1.65%). This effect was even stronger for the somatic (2.66– 4.66%) but not for the cognitive factor (0%).Conclusion: These findings support a strong link between inflammatory diet and depression, especially with somatic symptoms and within women. Moreover, they provide novel evidence for a potential explanatory role of circulating inflammation in this association, suggesting new paths for prevention and treatment of major and atypical depression.Keywords: dietary inflammatory index, depressive symptoms, atypical depression, circulating inflammation, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, white blood cells
format	article
author	Gialluisi A Santonastaso F Bonaccio M Bracone F Shivappa N Hebert JR Cerletti C Donati MB de Gaetano G Iacoviello L
author_facet	Gialluisi A Santonastaso F Bonaccio M Bracone F Shivappa N Hebert JR Cerletti C Donati MB de Gaetano G Iacoviello L
author_sort	Gialluisi A
title	Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
title_short	Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
title_full	Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
title_fullStr	Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
title_full_unstemmed	Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms
title_sort	circulating inflammation markers partly explain the link between the dietary inflammatory index and depressive symptoms
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/35b608e26bb842a7a034e8d4cf1d6989
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Circulating Inflammation Markers Partly Explain the Link Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depressive Symptoms

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