Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets

Astrophysical relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and pulsars is the main key subject of study in the field of high-energy astrophysics, especially regarding the jet interaction with the interstellar or intergalactic environment. In this work, we review studies of particle...

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Autores principales:	Athina Meli, Ken-ichi Nishikawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	astrophysical jets PIC plasma simulations relativistic kinematics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/35bfa4c5469748f19803a16e2b329efe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:35bfa4c5469748f19803a16e2b329efe2021-11-25T19:09:54ZParticle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets10.3390/universe71104502218-1997https://doaj.org/article/35bfa4c5469748f19803a16e2b329efe2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/7/11/450https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1997Astrophysical relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and pulsars is the main key subject of study in the field of high-energy astrophysics, especially regarding the jet interaction with the interstellar or intergalactic environment. In this work, we review studies of particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic electron–proton (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>−</mo><msup><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and electron–positron (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>) jets, and we compare simulations that we have conducted with the relativistic 3D TRISTAN-MPI code for unmagnetized and magnetized jets. We focus on how the magnetic fields affect the evolution of relativistic jets of different compositions, how the jets interact with the ambient media, how the kinetic instabilities such as the Weibel instability, the kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and the mushroom instability develop, and we discuss possible particle acceleration mechanisms at reconnection sites.Athina MeliKen-ichi NishikawaMDPI AGarticleastrophysical jetsPICplasmasimulationsrelativistickinematicsElementary particle physicsQC793-793.5ENUniverse, Vol 7, Iss 450, p 450 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	astrophysical jets PIC plasma simulations relativistic kinematics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5
spellingShingle	astrophysical jets PIC plasma simulations relativistic kinematics Elementary particle physics QC793-793.5 Athina Meli Ken-ichi Nishikawa Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
description	Astrophysical relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and pulsars is the main key subject of study in the field of high-energy astrophysics, especially regarding the jet interaction with the interstellar or intergalactic environment. In this work, we review studies of particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic electron–proton (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>−</mo><msup><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and electron–positron (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>) jets, and we compare simulations that we have conducted with the relativistic 3D TRISTAN-MPI code for unmagnetized and magnetized jets. We focus on how the magnetic fields affect the evolution of relativistic jets of different compositions, how the jets interact with the ambient media, how the kinetic instabilities such as the Weibel instability, the kinetic Kelvin–Helmholtz instability and the mushroom instability develop, and we discuss possible particle acceleration mechanisms at reconnection sites.
format	article
author	Athina Meli Ken-ichi Nishikawa
author_facet	Athina Meli Ken-ichi Nishikawa
author_sort	Athina Meli
title	Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
title_short	Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
title_full	Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
title_fullStr	Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
title_full_unstemmed	Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets
title_sort	particle-in-cell simulations of astrophysical relativistic jets
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/35bfa4c5469748f19803a16e2b329efe
work_keys_str_mv	AT athinameli particleincellsimulationsofastrophysicalrelativisticjets AT kenichinishikawa particleincellsimulationsofastrophysicalrelativisticjets
_version_	1718410207559680000

Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Astrophysical Relativistic Jets

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