Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?

ABSTRACT Three decades of research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS reveal that the human body has developed through evolution a genome immune system embodying epigenetic regulation against pathogenic nucleic acid invasion. In HIV infection, this epigenetic regulation plays a cardinal...

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Autores principales:	Jielin Zhang, Clyde S. Crumpacker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:	cure epigenetic immunity epigenetics host immunity human immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/360bdc64962d404f910e40e3c55f45cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:360bdc64962d404f910e40e3c55f45cd2021-11-15T15:21:47ZToward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?10.1128/mSphere.00138-172379-5042https://doaj.org/article/360bdc64962d404f910e40e3c55f45cd2017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00138-17https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Three decades of research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS reveal that the human body has developed through evolution a genome immune system embodying epigenetic regulation against pathogenic nucleic acid invasion. In HIV infection, this epigenetic regulation plays a cardinal role in HIV RNA production that silences HIV transcription at a molecular (RNA) level, controls viral load at a cellular (biological) level, and governs the viremic stage of AIDS at the clinical (patient) level. Even though the human genome is largely similar among humans and HIV is a single viral species, human hosts show significant differences in viral RNA levels, ranging from cell to organ to individual and expressed as elite controllers, posttreatment controllers, and patients with AIDS. These are signature biomarkers of typical epigenetic regulation whose importance has been shunted aside by interpreting all of AIDS pathogenesis by the known properties of innate and adaptive immunity. We propose that harnessing the host genome immune system, defined as epigenetic immunity, against HIV infection will lead toward a cure.Jielin ZhangClyde S. CrumpackerAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlecureepigenetic immunityepigeneticshost immunityhuman immunodeficiency virusMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 2, Iss 2 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cure epigenetic immunity epigenetics host immunity human immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	cure epigenetic immunity epigenetics host immunity human immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502 Jielin Zhang Clyde S. Crumpacker Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
description	ABSTRACT Three decades of research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS reveal that the human body has developed through evolution a genome immune system embodying epigenetic regulation against pathogenic nucleic acid invasion. In HIV infection, this epigenetic regulation plays a cardinal role in HIV RNA production that silences HIV transcription at a molecular (RNA) level, controls viral load at a cellular (biological) level, and governs the viremic stage of AIDS at the clinical (patient) level. Even though the human genome is largely similar among humans and HIV is a single viral species, human hosts show significant differences in viral RNA levels, ranging from cell to organ to individual and expressed as elite controllers, posttreatment controllers, and patients with AIDS. These are signature biomarkers of typical epigenetic regulation whose importance has been shunted aside by interpreting all of AIDS pathogenesis by the known properties of innate and adaptive immunity. We propose that harnessing the host genome immune system, defined as epigenetic immunity, against HIV infection will lead toward a cure.
format	article
author	Jielin Zhang Clyde S. Crumpacker
author_facet	Jielin Zhang Clyde S. Crumpacker
author_sort	Jielin Zhang
title	Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
title_short	Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
title_full	Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
title_fullStr	Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
title_full_unstemmed	Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?
title_sort	toward a cure: does host immunity play a role?
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/360bdc64962d404f910e40e3c55f45cd
work_keys_str_mv	AT jielinzhang towardacuredoeshostimmunityplayarole AT clydescrumpacker towardacuredoeshostimmunityplayarole
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Toward a Cure: Does Host Immunity Play a Role?

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