A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>

Current antifungal chemotherapy against the prevalent basidiomycete <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> displays some drawbacks. This pathogenic fungus is refractory to echinocandins, whereas conventional treatment with amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine has a limited efficacy. In this stud...

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Autores principales:	Alejandra Argüelles, Ruth Sánchez-Fresneda, Elisa Martínez-Mármol, José Antonio Lozano, Francisco Solano, Juan Carlos Argüelles
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	propolis carnosic acid fungicides natural products <i>C. neoformans</i> Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/36117fcf221a49d48a314eba510be8c5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:36117fcf221a49d48a314eba510be8c52021-11-25T16:24:39ZA Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>10.3390/antibiotics101113952079-6382https://doaj.org/article/36117fcf221a49d48a314eba510be8c52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1395https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Current antifungal chemotherapy against the prevalent basidiomycete <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> displays some drawbacks. This pathogenic fungus is refractory to echinocandins, whereas conventional treatment with amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine has a limited efficacy. In this study, we explored the potential cryptococcal activity of some natural agents. After conducting a screening test with a set of propolis from different geographical areas, we selected an extract from China, which displayed a certain cytotoxic activity against <i>C. neoformans</i>, due to this extract being cheap and easily available in large amounts. The combination of this kind of propolis with carnosic acid in a 1:4 ratio induced a stronger fungicidal effect, which occurred following a synergistic pattern, without visible alterations in external cell morphology. Furthermore, several carnosic acid–propolis formulations applied onto preformed biofilms decreased the metabolic activity of the sessile cells forming biofilms. These data support the potential application of mixtures containing these two natural extracts in the design of new antifungal strategies in order to combat opportunistic infections caused by prevalent pathogenic fungi.Alejandra ArgüellesRuth Sánchez-FresnedaElisa Martínez-MármolJosé Antonio LozanoFrancisco SolanoJuan Carlos ArgüellesMDPI AGarticlepropoliscarnosic acidfungicidesnatural products<i>C. neoformans</i>Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1395, p 1395 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	propolis carnosic acid fungicides natural products <i>C. neoformans</i> Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	propolis carnosic acid fungicides natural products <i>C. neoformans</i> Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Alejandra Argüelles Ruth Sánchez-Fresneda Elisa Martínez-Mármol José Antonio Lozano Francisco Solano Juan Carlos Argüelles A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
description	Current antifungal chemotherapy against the prevalent basidiomycete <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> displays some drawbacks. This pathogenic fungus is refractory to echinocandins, whereas conventional treatment with amphotericin B plus 5-fluorocytosine has a limited efficacy. In this study, we explored the potential cryptococcal activity of some natural agents. After conducting a screening test with a set of propolis from different geographical areas, we selected an extract from China, which displayed a certain cytotoxic activity against <i>C. neoformans</i>, due to this extract being cheap and easily available in large amounts. The combination of this kind of propolis with carnosic acid in a 1:4 ratio induced a stronger fungicidal effect, which occurred following a synergistic pattern, without visible alterations in external cell morphology. Furthermore, several carnosic acid–propolis formulations applied onto preformed biofilms decreased the metabolic activity of the sessile cells forming biofilms. These data support the potential application of mixtures containing these two natural extracts in the design of new antifungal strategies in order to combat opportunistic infections caused by prevalent pathogenic fungi.
format	article
author	Alejandra Argüelles Ruth Sánchez-Fresneda Elisa Martínez-Mármol José Antonio Lozano Francisco Solano Juan Carlos Argüelles
author_facet	Alejandra Argüelles Ruth Sánchez-Fresneda Elisa Martínez-Mármol José Antonio Lozano Francisco Solano Juan Carlos Argüelles
author_sort	Alejandra Argüelles
title	A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
title_short	A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
title_full	A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
title_fullStr	A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
title_full_unstemmed	A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
title_sort	specific mixture of propolis and carnosic acid triggers a strong fungicidal action against <i>cryptococcus neoformans</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/36117fcf221a49d48a314eba510be8c5
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A Specific Mixture of Propolis and Carnosic Acid Triggers a Strong Fungicidal Action against <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>

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