$Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial$
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Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial

This work presents a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial (vHMM) consisting of a vertically stacked metal-dielectric multilayer that operates in the visible spectrum. The vHMM is designed by exploiting the relation between negative refraction and effective permittivity along the perpendicular direction...

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Autores principales:	Cho Hanlyun, Yang Younghwan, Lee Dasol, So Sunae, Rho Junsuk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2021
Materias:	critical layer thickness effective permittivity focused ion-beam hyperbolic metamaterial negative refraction Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3615fc26b54b4e04a740fc4b3e3d6b63
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3615fc26b54b4e04a740fc4b3e3d6b632021-12-05T14:10:56ZExperimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial2192-861410.1515/nanoph-2021-0337https://doaj.org/article/3615fc26b54b4e04a740fc4b3e3d6b632021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0337https://doaj.org/toc/2192-8614This work presents a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial (vHMM) consisting of a vertically stacked metal-dielectric multilayer that operates in the visible spectrum. The vHMM is designed by exploiting the relation between negative refraction and effective permittivity along the perpendicular direction of the layers (ε ⊥). When a vHMM has a high loss tangent defined by tan δ ⊥ ≡ Im(ε ⊥)/Re(ε ⊥), even a vHMM composed of relatively thick layers can generate negative refraction. A fabricable vHMM composed of gold and copolymer resist (EL8) which exhibits negative refraction at the wavelengths between 450 and 550 nm is designed using critical layer thickness analysis. The largest negative refraction is observed at the wavelength of 500 nm, where the angle of refraction reaches −1.03°. The corresponding loss tangent and equivalent refractive index are 1.08 and −0.47, respectively. However, negative refraction is not observed at the wavelengths longer than 550 nm due to low tan δ ⊥. We uncover that the tan δ ⊥ of a vHMM is the dominant condition for generating negative refraction rather than the ratio of layer thickness to wavelength.Cho HanlyunYang YounghwanLee DasolSo SunaeRho JunsukDe Gruyterarticlecritical layer thicknesseffective permittivityfocused ion-beamhyperbolic metamaterialnegative refractionPhysicsQC1-999ENNanophotonics, Vol 10, Iss 15, Pp 3871-3877 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	critical layer thickness effective permittivity focused ion-beam hyperbolic metamaterial negative refraction Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	critical layer thickness effective permittivity focused ion-beam hyperbolic metamaterial negative refraction Physics QC1-999 Cho Hanlyun Yang Younghwan Lee Dasol So Sunae Rho Junsuk Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
description	This work presents a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial (vHMM) consisting of a vertically stacked metal-dielectric multilayer that operates in the visible spectrum. The vHMM is designed by exploiting the relation between negative refraction and effective permittivity along the perpendicular direction of the layers (ε ⊥). When a vHMM has a high loss tangent defined by tan δ ⊥ ≡ Im(ε ⊥)/Re(ε ⊥), even a vHMM composed of relatively thick layers can generate negative refraction. A fabricable vHMM composed of gold and copolymer resist (EL8) which exhibits negative refraction at the wavelengths between 450 and 550 nm is designed using critical layer thickness analysis. The largest negative refraction is observed at the wavelength of 500 nm, where the angle of refraction reaches −1.03°. The corresponding loss tangent and equivalent refractive index are 1.08 and −0.47, respectively. However, negative refraction is not observed at the wavelengths longer than 550 nm due to low tan δ ⊥. We uncover that the tan δ ⊥ of a vHMM is the dominant condition for generating negative refraction rather than the ratio of layer thickness to wavelength.
format	article
author	Cho Hanlyun Yang Younghwan Lee Dasol So Sunae Rho Junsuk
author_facet	Cho Hanlyun Yang Younghwan Lee Dasol So Sunae Rho Junsuk
author_sort	Cho Hanlyun
title	Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
title_short	Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
title_full	Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
title_fullStr	Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
title_sort	experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3615fc26b54b4e04a740fc4b3e3d6b63
work_keys_str_mv	AT chohanlyun experimentaldemonstrationofbroadbandnegativerefractionatvisiblefrequenciesbycriticallayerthicknessanalysisinaverticalhyperbolicmetamaterial AT yangyounghwan experimentaldemonstrationofbroadbandnegativerefractionatvisiblefrequenciesbycriticallayerthicknessanalysisinaverticalhyperbolicmetamaterial AT leedasol experimentaldemonstrationofbroadbandnegativerefractionatvisiblefrequenciesbycriticallayerthicknessanalysisinaverticalhyperbolicmetamaterial AT sosunae experimentaldemonstrationofbroadbandnegativerefractionatvisiblefrequenciesbycriticallayerthicknessanalysisinaverticalhyperbolicmetamaterial AT rhojunsuk experimentaldemonstrationofbroadbandnegativerefractionatvisiblefrequenciesbycriticallayerthicknessanalysisinaverticalhyperbolicmetamaterial
_version_	1718371596097290240

Experimental demonstration of broadband negative refraction at visible frequencies by critical layer thickness analysis in a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial

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