Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review

<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by disproportionate regional pain, usually affecting distal limbs, that follows trauma or surgery. Athletes may develop CRPS because of exposure to traumatic or overuse injuries....

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Autores principales:	Antimo Moretti, Angela Palomba, Marco Paoletta, Sara Liguori, Giuseppe Toro, Giovanni Iolascon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	complex regional pain syndromes athlete sport pain Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3631443b360040e9b723d72378b66b0c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3631443b360040e9b723d72378b66b0c2021-11-25T18:19:02ZComplex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review10.3390/medicina571112621648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/3631443b360040e9b723d72378b66b0c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1262https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by disproportionate regional pain, usually affecting distal limbs, that follows trauma or surgery. Athletes may develop CRPS because of exposure to traumatic or overuse injuries. The aim of the present study is to review the available literature about CRPS type 1 in athletes. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We searched two online databases (PubMed and Web of Science), selecting papers aiming at investigating CRPS type 1 (algodystrophy) in athletes. The analysis of databases was made considering original articles published until 30 June 2021, written in English. <i>Results:</i> Fifteen papers (12 case reports, 3 case series) were selected for a total of 20 clinical cases (15 females, 5 males), aged between 10 and 46 years (mean age 18.4 ± 9.8 standard deviation years). Patients included practiced different types of sport (soccer, athletics, gymnastics, basketball). The most involved anatomical sites were lower limbs, and time to diagnosis ranged from 2 days to 4 years. The most used treatments were pharmacological and physical therapies, but sometimes invasive approaches, as regional nerve, or lumbar sympathetic blocks, were provided. The main assessed outcomes were return to activity and pain. <i>Conclusions</i>: Our review suggests a higher prevalence of CRPS type 1 in younger people and in lower limbs than in general population but confirms the higher prevalence in females. However, the number of studies addressing CRPS in athletes is limited, as well as the number of involved patients, considering that only few and heterogeneous case reports were published about this topic. Moreover, the high prevalence of old studies (only 5 available studies in the last 10 years) might have influenced the choice of both assessment tools and management strategies. Despite these limitations, athletes showing disproportionate pain after sport-related injury should be promptly evaluated and treated through a multidimensional approach to avoid long-term consequences of algodystrophy.Antimo MorettiAngela PalombaMarco PaolettaSara LiguoriGiuseppe ToroGiovanni IolasconMDPI AGarticlecomplex regional pain syndromesathletesportpainMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1262, p 1262 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	complex regional pain syndromes athlete sport pain Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	complex regional pain syndromes athlete sport pain Medicine (General) R5-920 Antimo Moretti Angela Palomba Marco Paoletta Sara Liguori Giuseppe Toro Giovanni Iolascon Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
description	<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by disproportionate regional pain, usually affecting distal limbs, that follows trauma or surgery. Athletes may develop CRPS because of exposure to traumatic or overuse injuries. The aim of the present study is to review the available literature about CRPS type 1 in athletes. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: We searched two online databases (PubMed and Web of Science), selecting papers aiming at investigating CRPS type 1 (algodystrophy) in athletes. The analysis of databases was made considering original articles published until 30 June 2021, written in English. <i>Results:</i> Fifteen papers (12 case reports, 3 case series) were selected for a total of 20 clinical cases (15 females, 5 males), aged between 10 and 46 years (mean age 18.4 ± 9.8 standard deviation years). Patients included practiced different types of sport (soccer, athletics, gymnastics, basketball). The most involved anatomical sites were lower limbs, and time to diagnosis ranged from 2 days to 4 years. The most used treatments were pharmacological and physical therapies, but sometimes invasive approaches, as regional nerve, or lumbar sympathetic blocks, were provided. The main assessed outcomes were return to activity and pain. <i>Conclusions</i>: Our review suggests a higher prevalence of CRPS type 1 in younger people and in lower limbs than in general population but confirms the higher prevalence in females. However, the number of studies addressing CRPS in athletes is limited, as well as the number of involved patients, considering that only few and heterogeneous case reports were published about this topic. Moreover, the high prevalence of old studies (only 5 available studies in the last 10 years) might have influenced the choice of both assessment tools and management strategies. Despite these limitations, athletes showing disproportionate pain after sport-related injury should be promptly evaluated and treated through a multidimensional approach to avoid long-term consequences of algodystrophy.
format	article
author	Antimo Moretti Angela Palomba Marco Paoletta Sara Liguori Giuseppe Toro Giovanni Iolascon
author_facet	Antimo Moretti Angela Palomba Marco Paoletta Sara Liguori Giuseppe Toro Giovanni Iolascon
author_sort	Antimo Moretti
title	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
title_short	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
title_full	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
title_fullStr	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed	Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review
title_sort	complex regional pain syndrome in athletes: scoping review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3631443b360040e9b723d72378b66b0c
work_keys_str_mv	AT antimomoretti complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview AT angelapalomba complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview AT marcopaoletta complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview AT saraliguori complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview AT giuseppetoro complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview AT giovanniiolascon complexregionalpainsyndromeinathletesscopingreview
_version_	1718411311763685376

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Athletes: Scoping Review

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