Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses

The two-component signal transduction system (TCS) acts in a variety of physiological processes in lower organisms and has emerged as a key signaling system in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including plants. TCS genes assist plants in processes such as stress resistance, cell division, nutrition...

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Autores principales:	Roshan Zameer, Muhammad Sadaqat, Kinza Fatima, Sajid Fiaz, Sumaira Rasul, Hadeqa Zafar, Abdul Qayyum, Naima Nashat, Ali Raza, Adnan Noor Shah, Riffat Batool, Farrukh Azeem, Sangmi Sun, Gyuhwa Chung
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	signaling TCS HKS Rrs qRT-PCR Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/366813b8b88747e4869c09cc073385f2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:366813b8b88747e4869c09cc073385f22021-11-30T22:22:29ZTwo-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses1664-802110.3389/fgene.2021.794305https://doaj.org/article/366813b8b88747e4869c09cc073385f22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.794305/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021The two-component signal transduction system (TCS) acts in a variety of physiological processes in lower organisms and has emerged as a key signaling system in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including plants. TCS genes assist plants in processes such as stress resistance, cell division, nutrition signaling, leaf senescence, and chloroplast division. In plants, this system is composed of three types of proteins: response regulators (RRs), histidine kinases (HKs), and histidine phosphotransfer proteins (HPs). We aimed to study the Sorghum bicolor genome and identified 37 SbTCS genes consisting of 13 HKs, 5 HPs, and 19 RRs (3 type-A RRs, 7 type-B RRs, 2 type-C RRs, and 7 pseudo-RRs). The structural and phylogenetic comparison of the SbTCS members with their counterparts in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Cicer arietinum, and Glycine max showed group-specific conservations and variations. Expansion of the gene family members is mostly a result of gene duplication, of both the tandem and segmental types. HKs and RRs were observed to be originated from segmental duplication, while some HPs originated from tandem duplication. The nuclear genome of S. bicolor contain 10 chromosomes and these SbTCS genes are randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. The promoter sequences of the SbTCS genes contain several abiotic stress-related cis-elements. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR-based expression analysis demonstrated most of the TCS genes were responsive to drought and salt stresses in leaves, which suggest their role in leaf development. This study lays a foundation for further functional study of TCS genes for stress tolerance and developmental improvement in S. bicolor.Roshan ZameerMuhammad SadaqatKinza FatimaSajid FiazSumaira RasulHadeqa ZafarAbdul QayyumNaima NashatAli RazaAdnan Noor ShahRiffat BatoolFarrukh AzeemSangmi SunGyuhwa ChungFrontiers Media S.A.articlesignalingTCSHKSRrsqRT-PCRGeneticsQH426-470ENFrontiers in Genetics, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	signaling TCS HKS Rrs qRT-PCR Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	signaling TCS HKS Rrs qRT-PCR Genetics QH426-470 Roshan Zameer Muhammad Sadaqat Kinza Fatima Sajid Fiaz Sumaira Rasul Hadeqa Zafar Abdul Qayyum Naima Nashat Ali Raza Adnan Noor Shah Riffat Batool Farrukh Azeem Sangmi Sun Gyuhwa Chung Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
description	The two-component signal transduction system (TCS) acts in a variety of physiological processes in lower organisms and has emerged as a key signaling system in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including plants. TCS genes assist plants in processes such as stress resistance, cell division, nutrition signaling, leaf senescence, and chloroplast division. In plants, this system is composed of three types of proteins: response regulators (RRs), histidine kinases (HKs), and histidine phosphotransfer proteins (HPs). We aimed to study the Sorghum bicolor genome and identified 37 SbTCS genes consisting of 13 HKs, 5 HPs, and 19 RRs (3 type-A RRs, 7 type-B RRs, 2 type-C RRs, and 7 pseudo-RRs). The structural and phylogenetic comparison of the SbTCS members with their counterparts in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Cicer arietinum, and Glycine max showed group-specific conservations and variations. Expansion of the gene family members is mostly a result of gene duplication, of both the tandem and segmental types. HKs and RRs were observed to be originated from segmental duplication, while some HPs originated from tandem duplication. The nuclear genome of S. bicolor contain 10 chromosomes and these SbTCS genes are randomly distributed on all the chromosomes. The promoter sequences of the SbTCS genes contain several abiotic stress-related cis-elements. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR-based expression analysis demonstrated most of the TCS genes were responsive to drought and salt stresses in leaves, which suggest their role in leaf development. This study lays a foundation for further functional study of TCS genes for stress tolerance and developmental improvement in S. bicolor.
format	article
author	Roshan Zameer Muhammad Sadaqat Kinza Fatima Sajid Fiaz Sumaira Rasul Hadeqa Zafar Abdul Qayyum Naima Nashat Ali Raza Adnan Noor Shah Riffat Batool Farrukh Azeem Sangmi Sun Gyuhwa Chung
author_facet	Roshan Zameer Muhammad Sadaqat Kinza Fatima Sajid Fiaz Sumaira Rasul Hadeqa Zafar Abdul Qayyum Naima Nashat Ali Raza Adnan Noor Shah Riffat Batool Farrukh Azeem Sangmi Sun Gyuhwa Chung
author_sort	Roshan Zameer
title	Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
title_short	Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
title_full	Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
title_fullStr	Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
title_full_unstemmed	Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses
title_sort	two-component system genes in sorghum bicolor: genome-wide identification and expression profiling in response to environmental stresses
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/366813b8b88747e4869c09cc073385f2
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Two-Component System Genes in Sorghum bicolor: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling in Response to Environmental Stresses

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