Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

Swimming pools are a major contributor to water consumption in our community. However, the high water loss associated with filter cleaning is unknown. In this work, we investigate the current procedures for filter backwashing in public swimming pools by questionnaires to owners and managers. Then, w...

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Autores principales:	Antonio Doménech-Sánchez, Elena Laso, Clara I. Berrocal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	backwashing filter cleaning swimming pool water conservation water policy water losses River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/368098ca035d4421a448e603f3705e5b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:368098ca035d4421a448e603f3705e5b2021-11-05T20:20:16ZWater loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)1366-70171996-975910.2166/wp.2021.217https://doaj.org/article/368098ca035d4421a448e603f3705e5b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wp.iwaponline.com/content/23/5/1314https://doaj.org/toc/1366-7017https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9759Swimming pools are a major contributor to water consumption in our community. However, the high water loss associated with filter cleaning is unknown. In this work, we investigate the current procedures for filter backwashing in public swimming pools by questionnaires to owners and managers. Then, we use the collected data to estimate their environmental and economic costs. Besides, we measure several parameters in the field during the process performed in four representative swimming pools. The investigation revealed that the water loss associated with filter cleaning in public swimming pools rises to 5.5 million m3 water per year, which represents an expense of 13.96 million €. Based on our results, the followed protocols were inappropriate in most cases, indicating that even the required water amount would be higher. The most suitable parameters for filter backwashing monitoring were combined chlorine, ammonium, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The necessity for specific strategies and legislation for the management of these installations, the treatment of the generated wastewater, as the implementation of different technological solutions to reduce water loss are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS Water loss from filter backwashing in our community is huge.; Current filter backwashing practices are insufficient and should be improved.; The most suitable parameters for filter backwashing monitoring are combined chlorine, ammonium, turbidity and COD.; Official parameters and limits for backwashing monitoring are needed.; Water-saving strategies should include water reuse and technological improvements.;Antonio Doménech-SánchezElena LasoClara I. BerrocalIWA Publishingarticlebackwashingfilter cleaningswimming poolwater conservationwater policywater lossesRiver, lake, and water-supply engineering (General)TC401-506ENWater Policy, Vol 23, Iss 5, Pp 1314-1328 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	backwashing filter cleaning swimming pool water conservation water policy water losses River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506
spellingShingle	backwashing filter cleaning swimming pool water conservation water policy water losses River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General) TC401-506 Antonio Doménech-Sánchez Elena Laso Clara I. Berrocal Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
description	Swimming pools are a major contributor to water consumption in our community. However, the high water loss associated with filter cleaning is unknown. In this work, we investigate the current procedures for filter backwashing in public swimming pools by questionnaires to owners and managers. Then, we use the collected data to estimate their environmental and economic costs. Besides, we measure several parameters in the field during the process performed in four representative swimming pools. The investigation revealed that the water loss associated with filter cleaning in public swimming pools rises to 5.5 million m3 water per year, which represents an expense of 13.96 million €. Based on our results, the followed protocols were inappropriate in most cases, indicating that even the required water amount would be higher. The most suitable parameters for filter backwashing monitoring were combined chlorine, ammonium, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The necessity for specific strategies and legislation for the management of these installations, the treatment of the generated wastewater, as the implementation of different technological solutions to reduce water loss are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS Water loss from filter backwashing in our community is huge.; Current filter backwashing practices are insufficient and should be improved.; The most suitable parameters for filter backwashing monitoring are combined chlorine, ammonium, turbidity and COD.; Official parameters and limits for backwashing monitoring are needed.; Water-saving strategies should include water reuse and technological improvements.;
format	article
author	Antonio Doménech-Sánchez Elena Laso Clara I. Berrocal
author_facet	Antonio Doménech-Sánchez Elena Laso Clara I. Berrocal
author_sort	Antonio Doménech-Sánchez
title	Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
title_short	Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
title_full	Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
title_fullStr	Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
title_full_unstemmed	Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)
title_sort	water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the balearic islands (spain)
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/368098ca035d4421a448e603f3705e5b
work_keys_str_mv	AT antoniodomenechsanchez waterlossinswimmingpoolfilterbackwashingprocessesinthebalearicislandsspain AT elenalaso waterlossinswimmingpoolfilterbackwashingprocessesinthebalearicislandsspain AT claraiberrocal waterlossinswimmingpoolfilterbackwashingprocessesinthebalearicislandsspain
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Water loss in swimming pool filter backwashing processes in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

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