Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence

Abstract Income inequality is associated with poor health and social outcomes. Negative social comparisons and competition may involve the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in underlying some of these complex inter-relationships. Here we investigate b...

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Autores principales:	Nadine Parker, Angelita Pui-Yee Wong, Gabriel Leonard, Michel Perron, Bruce Pike, Louis Richer, Suzanne Veillette, Zdenka Pausova, Tomas Paus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/36ec28c919a643149d55765ab45a840d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:36ec28c919a643149d55765ab45a840d2021-12-02T16:06:58ZIncome inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence10.1038/s41598-017-07735-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/36ec28c919a643149d55765ab45a840d2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07735-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Income inequality is associated with poor health and social outcomes. Negative social comparisons and competition may involve the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in underlying some of these complex inter-relationships. Here we investigate brain maturation, indexed by age-related decreases in cortical thickness, in adolescents living in neighborhoods with differing levels of income inequality and household income. We examine whether inter-regional variations relate to those in glucocorticoid receptor (HPA) and androgen receptor (HPG) gene expression. For each sex, we used a median split of income inequality and household income (income-to-needs ratio) to create four subgroups. In female adolescents, the high-inequality low-income group displayed the greatest age-related decreases in cortical thickness. In this group, expression of glucocorticoid and androgen receptor genes explained the most variance in these age-related decreases in thickness across the cortex. We speculate that female adolescents living in high-inequality neighborhoods and low-income households may experience greater HPA and HPG activity, leading to steeper decreases in cortical thickness with age.Nadine ParkerAngelita Pui-Yee WongGabriel LeonardMichel PerronBruce PikeLouis RicherSuzanne VeilletteZdenka PausovaTomas PausNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nadine Parker Angelita Pui-Yee Wong Gabriel Leonard Michel Perron Bruce Pike Louis Richer Suzanne Veillette Zdenka Pausova Tomas Paus Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
description	Abstract Income inequality is associated with poor health and social outcomes. Negative social comparisons and competition may involve the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in underlying some of these complex inter-relationships. Here we investigate brain maturation, indexed by age-related decreases in cortical thickness, in adolescents living in neighborhoods with differing levels of income inequality and household income. We examine whether inter-regional variations relate to those in glucocorticoid receptor (HPA) and androgen receptor (HPG) gene expression. For each sex, we used a median split of income inequality and household income (income-to-needs ratio) to create four subgroups. In female adolescents, the high-inequality low-income group displayed the greatest age-related decreases in cortical thickness. In this group, expression of glucocorticoid and androgen receptor genes explained the most variance in these age-related decreases in thickness across the cortex. We speculate that female adolescents living in high-inequality neighborhoods and low-income households may experience greater HPA and HPG activity, leading to steeper decreases in cortical thickness with age.
format	article
author	Nadine Parker Angelita Pui-Yee Wong Gabriel Leonard Michel Perron Bruce Pike Louis Richer Suzanne Veillette Zdenka Pausova Tomas Paus
author_facet	Nadine Parker Angelita Pui-Yee Wong Gabriel Leonard Michel Perron Bruce Pike Louis Richer Suzanne Veillette Zdenka Pausova Tomas Paus
author_sort	Nadine Parker
title	Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
title_short	Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
title_full	Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
title_fullStr	Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
title_full_unstemmed	Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
title_sort	income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/36ec28c919a643149d55765ab45a840d
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_version_	1718384769251672064

Income inequality, gene expression, and brain maturation during adolescence

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