Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture

Motor imagery (MI) for health and performance strategies has gained interest in recent decades. Nevertheless, there are still no studies that have comprehensively investigated the physiological responses during MI, and no one questions the influence of low-level contraction on these responses. Thus,...

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Autores principales:	Sidney Grosprêtre, Uros Marusic, Philippe Gimenez, Gael Ennequin, Laurent Mourot, Laurie Isacco
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	heart rate V̇O2 Center of Pressure (COP) H-reflex electromyography Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3718f176367647aea5da7cc321f07a0e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3718f176367647aea5da7cc321f07a0e2021-11-30T12:10:09ZStand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.762452https://doaj.org/article/3718f176367647aea5da7cc321f07a0e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.762452/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XMotor imagery (MI) for health and performance strategies has gained interest in recent decades. Nevertheless, there are still no studies that have comprehensively investigated the physiological responses during MI, and no one questions the influence of low-level contraction on these responses. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the neuromuscular, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and cardiometabolic changes associated with an acute bout of MI practice in sitting and standing condition. Twelve young healthy males (26.3 ± 4.4 years) participated in two experimental sessions (control vs. MI) consisting of two postural conditions (sitting vs. standing). ANS, hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, body sway parameters, and electromyography activity were continuously recorded, while neuromuscular parameters were recorded on the right triceps surae muscles before and after performing the postural conditions. While MI showed no effect on ANS, the standing posture increased the indices of sympathetic system activity and decreased those of the parasympathetic system (p < 0.05). Moreover, MI during standing induced greater spinal excitability compared to sitting posture (p < 0.05), which was accompanied with greater oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, ventilation, and lower cardiac output (p < 0.05). Asking individuals to perform MI of an isometric contraction while standing allows them to mentally focus on the motor command, not challenge balance, and produce specific cardiometabolic responses. Therefore, these results provide further evidence of posture and MI-related modulation of spinal excitability with additional autonomic and cardiometabolic responses in healthy young men.Sidney GrosprêtreUros MarusicUros MarusicPhilippe GimenezGael EnnequinLaurent MourotLaurent MourotLaurie IsaccoLaurie IsaccoFrontiers Media S.A.articleheart rateV̇O2Center of Pressure (COP)H-reflexelectromyographyPhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	heart rate V̇O2 Center of Pressure (COP) H-reflex electromyography Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	heart rate V̇O2 Center of Pressure (COP) H-reflex electromyography Physiology QP1-981 Sidney Grosprêtre Uros Marusic Uros Marusic Philippe Gimenez Gael Ennequin Laurent Mourot Laurent Mourot Laurie Isacco Laurie Isacco Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
description	Motor imagery (MI) for health and performance strategies has gained interest in recent decades. Nevertheless, there are still no studies that have comprehensively investigated the physiological responses during MI, and no one questions the influence of low-level contraction on these responses. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the neuromuscular, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and cardiometabolic changes associated with an acute bout of MI practice in sitting and standing condition. Twelve young healthy males (26.3 ± 4.4 years) participated in two experimental sessions (control vs. MI) consisting of two postural conditions (sitting vs. standing). ANS, hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, body sway parameters, and electromyography activity were continuously recorded, while neuromuscular parameters were recorded on the right triceps surae muscles before and after performing the postural conditions. While MI showed no effect on ANS, the standing posture increased the indices of sympathetic system activity and decreased those of the parasympathetic system (p < 0.05). Moreover, MI during standing induced greater spinal excitability compared to sitting posture (p < 0.05), which was accompanied with greater oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, ventilation, and lower cardiac output (p < 0.05). Asking individuals to perform MI of an isometric contraction while standing allows them to mentally focus on the motor command, not challenge balance, and produce specific cardiometabolic responses. Therefore, these results provide further evidence of posture and MI-related modulation of spinal excitability with additional autonomic and cardiometabolic responses in healthy young men.
format	article
author	Sidney Grosprêtre Uros Marusic Uros Marusic Philippe Gimenez Gael Ennequin Laurent Mourot Laurent Mourot Laurie Isacco Laurie Isacco
author_facet	Sidney Grosprêtre Uros Marusic Uros Marusic Philippe Gimenez Gael Ennequin Laurent Mourot Laurent Mourot Laurie Isacco Laurie Isacco
author_sort	Sidney Grosprêtre
title	Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
title_short	Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
title_full	Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
title_fullStr	Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
title_full_unstemmed	Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture
title_sort	stand up to excite the spine: neuromuscular, autonomic, and cardiometabolic responses during motor imagery in standing vs. sitting posture
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3718f176367647aea5da7cc321f07a0e
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Stand Up to Excite the Spine: Neuromuscular, Autonomic, and Cardiometabolic Responses During Motor Imagery in Standing vs. Sitting Posture

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