Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus

Rabeah Yousef Rawashdeh,1 Reyad Sawafta,2 Hanan I Malkawi1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; 2QuarTek Corporation, Asheboro, NC 27203, USACorrespondence: Rabeah Yousef RawashdehYarmouk University, Shafiq Irshidat Street, Irbid 21163, JordanTel...

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Autores principales:	Rawashdeh RY, Sawafta R, Malkawi HI
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	rely xtm luting plus dyract®extra metallic ionic solution suspension of metallic nanoparticles. antibacterial activity Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3753da1447f04ce0a42067b10ae916a6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3753da1447f04ce0a42067b10ae916a62021-12-02T10:20:59ZDental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/3753da1447f04ce0a42067b10ae916a62020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/dental-materials-incorporated-with-nanometals-and-their-effect-on-the--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Rabeah Yousef Rawashdeh,1 Reyad Sawafta,2 Hanan I Malkawi1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; 2QuarTek Corporation, Asheboro, NC 27203, USACorrespondence: Rabeah Yousef RawashdehYarmouk University, Shafiq Irshidat Street, Irbid 21163, JordanTel +962-2-721-1111Email rawashdehrabeah@yu.edu.joPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different commercially used dental materials (RelyX Luting Plus and Dyract Extra) mixed with either a metallic ionic solution or a colloidal suspension of metallic nanoparticles. Both the solution and the suspension contained a mixture of silver, copper, and lithium ions.Methods: The metal/ion-incorporated dental materials were prepared into disk-shaped samples and tested against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The susceptibility of bacteria against the antibacterial dental disks was tested using two methods: counting the colony-forming units per milliliter and disk diffusion (Kirby–Bauer). The incorporated materials (Dyract and Rely cement) were tested for ion release using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: Assessment showed efficient antibacterial activity of metal ion–incorporated Rely luting cement, exhibited by the formation of inhibition zones larger than those formed by the standard antibiotic, as well as a reduction in bacterial number of sevenfold after incubation for 24 hours. Dyract material incorporated with nanoparticles showed no significant clear zones and had no inhibiting effect on bacterial colony numbers after incubation for 24 hours. The release of silver, copper, and lithium metal ions depended on the type of both dental material and the incorporated nanoagents. The metal ion–incorporated Rely Plus cement released the highest levels of metal ions, which was attributed to its antibacterial efficiency.Conclusion: Rely Plus cement incorporated with the nanoparticle suspension demonstrated high antibacterial potency, due to the release of the highest concentrations of silver, copper, and lithium metal ions. This work is the first direct comparative study of dental materials with different forms of nanomixtures (metallic nanoparticles and soluble metallic ions) and their antibacterial effects after incubation with bacterial culture for 24 hours.Keywords: RelyX Luting Plus, Dyract Extra, metallic ionic solution, suspension of metallic nanoparticles, antibacterial activityRawashdeh RYSawafta RMalkawi HIDove Medical Pressarticlerely xtm luting plusdyract®extrametallic ionic solutionsuspension of metallic nanoparticles. antibacterial activityMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 15, Pp 4325-4331 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	rely xtm luting plus dyract®extra metallic ionic solution suspension of metallic nanoparticles. antibacterial activity Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	rely xtm luting plus dyract®extra metallic ionic solution suspension of metallic nanoparticles. antibacterial activity Medicine (General) R5-920 Rawashdeh RY Sawafta R Malkawi HI Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
description	Rabeah Yousef Rawashdeh,1 Reyad Sawafta,2 Hanan I Malkawi1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; 2QuarTek Corporation, Asheboro, NC 27203, USACorrespondence: Rabeah Yousef RawashdehYarmouk University, Shafiq Irshidat Street, Irbid 21163, JordanTel +962-2-721-1111Email rawashdehrabeah@yu.edu.joPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different commercially used dental materials (RelyX Luting Plus and Dyract Extra) mixed with either a metallic ionic solution or a colloidal suspension of metallic nanoparticles. Both the solution and the suspension contained a mixture of silver, copper, and lithium ions.Methods: The metal/ion-incorporated dental materials were prepared into disk-shaped samples and tested against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The susceptibility of bacteria against the antibacterial dental disks was tested using two methods: counting the colony-forming units per milliliter and disk diffusion (Kirby–Bauer). The incorporated materials (Dyract and Rely cement) were tested for ion release using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.Results: Assessment showed efficient antibacterial activity of metal ion–incorporated Rely luting cement, exhibited by the formation of inhibition zones larger than those formed by the standard antibiotic, as well as a reduction in bacterial number of sevenfold after incubation for 24 hours. Dyract material incorporated with nanoparticles showed no significant clear zones and had no inhibiting effect on bacterial colony numbers after incubation for 24 hours. The release of silver, copper, and lithium metal ions depended on the type of both dental material and the incorporated nanoagents. The metal ion–incorporated Rely Plus cement released the highest levels of metal ions, which was attributed to its antibacterial efficiency.Conclusion: Rely Plus cement incorporated with the nanoparticle suspension demonstrated high antibacterial potency, due to the release of the highest concentrations of silver, copper, and lithium metal ions. This work is the first direct comparative study of dental materials with different forms of nanomixtures (metallic nanoparticles and soluble metallic ions) and their antibacterial effects after incubation with bacterial culture for 24 hours.Keywords: RelyX Luting Plus, Dyract Extra, metallic ionic solution, suspension of metallic nanoparticles, antibacterial activity
format	article
author	Rawashdeh RY Sawafta R Malkawi HI
author_facet	Rawashdeh RY Sawafta R Malkawi HI
author_sort	Rawashdeh RY
title	Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
title_short	Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
title_full	Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
title_fullStr	Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
title_full_unstemmed	Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus
title_sort	dental materials incorporated with nanometals and their effect on the bacterial growth of staphylococcus aureus
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/3753da1447f04ce0a42067b10ae916a6
work_keys_str_mv	AT rawashdehry dentalmaterialsincorporatedwithnanometalsandtheireffectonthebacterialgrowthofstaphylococcusaureus AT sawaftar dentalmaterialsincorporatedwithnanometalsandtheireffectonthebacterialgrowthofstaphylococcusaureus AT malkawihi dentalmaterialsincorporatedwithnanometalsandtheireffectonthebacterialgrowthofstaphylococcusaureus
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Dental Materials Incorporated with Nanometals and Their Effect on the Bacterial Growth of Staphylococcus aureus

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