Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells

<b>Background:</b> The invention of non-ionizing emission devices revolutionized science, medicine, industry, and the military. Currently, different laser systems are commonly used, generating the potential threat of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to adverse health effects....

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Autores principales:	Łukasz Szymański, Martyna Ciepielak, Aleksandra Cios, Małgorzata Palusińska, Wanda Stankiewicz, Sławomir Lewicki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	laser irradiation skin exposition dermal effect of laser 445 nm 520 nm 638 nm Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/37806c589fc34c95bb8394e196885b3c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:37806c589fc34c95bb8394e196885b3c2021-11-11T17:05:00ZEffects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells10.3390/ijms2221116051422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/37806c589fc34c95bb8394e196885b3c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11605https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067<b>Background:</b> The invention of non-ionizing emission devices revolutionized science, medicine, industry, and the military. Currently, different laser systems are commonly used, generating the potential threat of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to adverse health effects. Skin is the organ most exposed to laser irradiation; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm non-ionizing irradiation on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. <b>Methods:</b> Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to a different fluency of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm laser irradiation. In addition, viability, type of cell death, cell cycle distribution, and proliferation rates were investigated. <b>Results:</b> The 445 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥58.7 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) but not to Ker-CT cells. Exposure influenced the cell cycle distribution of Ker-CT (≥61.2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and BJ-5ta (≥27.6 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells, as well as the Bj-5ta proliferation rate (≥50.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). The 520 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥468.4 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and Ker-CT (≥385.7 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells. Cell cycle distribution (≥27.6 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) of Ker-CT cells was also affected. The 638 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta and Ker-CT cells (≥151.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). The proliferation rate and cell cycle distribution of BJ-5ta (≥192.9 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and Ker-CT (13.8 and 41.3 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells were also affected. <b>Conclusions:</b> At high fluences, 455 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm irradiation, representing blue, green, and red light spectra, are hazardous to keratinocytes and fibroblasts. However, laser irradiation may benefit the cells at low fluences by modulating the cell cycle and proliferation rate.Łukasz SzymańskiMartyna CiepielakAleksandra CiosMałgorzata PalusińskaWanda StankiewiczSławomir LewickiMDPI AGarticlelaser irradiationskin expositiondermal effect of laser445 nm520 nm638 nmBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11605, p 11605 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	laser irradiation skin exposition dermal effect of laser 445 nm 520 nm 638 nm Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	laser irradiation skin exposition dermal effect of laser 445 nm 520 nm 638 nm Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Łukasz Szymański Martyna Ciepielak Aleksandra Cios Małgorzata Palusińska Wanda Stankiewicz Sławomir Lewicki Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
description	<b>Background:</b> The invention of non-ionizing emission devices revolutionized science, medicine, industry, and the military. Currently, different laser systems are commonly used, generating the potential threat of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to adverse health effects. Skin is the organ most exposed to laser irradiation; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm non-ionizing irradiation on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. <b>Methods:</b> Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to a different fluency of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm laser irradiation. In addition, viability, type of cell death, cell cycle distribution, and proliferation rates were investigated. <b>Results:</b> The 445 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥58.7 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) but not to Ker-CT cells. Exposure influenced the cell cycle distribution of Ker-CT (≥61.2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and BJ-5ta (≥27.6 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells, as well as the Bj-5ta proliferation rate (≥50.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). The 520 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥468.4 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and Ker-CT (≥385.7 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells. Cell cycle distribution (≥27.6 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) of Ker-CT cells was also affected. The 638 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta and Ker-CT cells (≥151.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>). The proliferation rate and cell cycle distribution of BJ-5ta (≥192.9 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) and Ker-CT (13.8 and 41.3 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) cells were also affected. <b>Conclusions:</b> At high fluences, 455 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm irradiation, representing blue, green, and red light spectra, are hazardous to keratinocytes and fibroblasts. However, laser irradiation may benefit the cells at low fluences by modulating the cell cycle and proliferation rate.
format	article
author	Łukasz Szymański Martyna Ciepielak Aleksandra Cios Małgorzata Palusińska Wanda Stankiewicz Sławomir Lewicki
author_facet	Łukasz Szymański Martyna Ciepielak Aleksandra Cios Małgorzata Palusińska Wanda Stankiewicz Sławomir Lewicki
author_sort	Łukasz Szymański
title	Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
title_short	Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
title_full	Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
title_fullStr	Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells
title_sort	effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm laser irradiation on the dermal cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/37806c589fc34c95bb8394e196885b3c
work_keys_str_mv	AT łukaszszymanski effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells AT martynaciepielak effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells AT aleksandracios effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells AT małgorzatapalusinska effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells AT wandastankiewicz effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells AT sławomirlewicki effectsof445nm520nmand638nmlaserirradiationonthedermalcells
_version_	1718432169975611392

Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells

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