Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from Sapindus Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions

In this work, a novel biomass, the extraction residue of Sapindus pericarp (SP), was torrefied by using an electronic oven under a wide range of temperature (i.e., 200–320 °C) and residence times (i.e., 0–60 min). From the results of the thermogravimetric analys...

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Autores principales:	Wen-Tien Tsai, Tasi-Jung Jiang, Yu-Quan Lin, Xiang Zhang, Kung-Sheng Yeh, Chi-Hung Tsai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Sapindus</i> pericarp torrefaction fuel property solid fuel lignite-like biomass Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3783405bc1ef4215961c52232a9fde10
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3783405bc1ef4215961c52232a9fde102021-11-11T15:54:50ZFuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions10.3390/en142171221996-1073https://doaj.org/article/3783405bc1ef4215961c52232a9fde102021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7122https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073In this work, a novel biomass, the extraction residue of <i>S</i><i>apindus</i> pericarp (SP), was torrefied by using an electronic oven under a wide range of temperature (i.e., 200–320 °C) and residence times (i.e., 0–60 min). From the results of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of SP, a significant weight loss was observed in the temperature range of 200–400 °C, which can be divided into the decompositions of hemicellulose (major)/lignin (minor) (200–320 °C) and cellulose (major)/lignin (minor) (320–400 °C). Based on the fuel properties of the feedstock SP and SP-torrefied products, the optimal torrefaction conditions can be found at around 280 °C for holding 30 min, showing that the calorific value, enhancement factor and energy yield of the torrefied biomass were enhanced to be 28.60 MJ/kg, 1.36 and 82.04 wt%, respectively. Consistently, the values of the calorific value, carbon content and molar carbon/hydrogen (C/H) ratio indicated an increasing trend at higher torrefaction temperatures and/or longer residence times. The findings showed that some SP-torrefied solids can be grouped into the characteristics of a lignite-like biomass by a van Krevelen diagram for all the SP-torrefied products. However, the SP-torrefied fuels would be particularly susceptible to the problems of slagging and fouling because of the relatively high contents of potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) based on the analytical results of the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).Wen-Tien TsaiTasi-Jung JiangYu-Quan LinXiang ZhangKung-Sheng YehChi-Hung TsaiMDPI AGarticle<i>Sapindus</i> pericarptorrefactionfuel propertysolid fuellignite-like biomassTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7122, p 7122 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Sapindus</i> pericarp torrefaction fuel property solid fuel lignite-like biomass Technology T
spellingShingle	<i>Sapindus</i> pericarp torrefaction fuel property solid fuel lignite-like biomass Technology T Wen-Tien Tsai Tasi-Jung Jiang Yu-Quan Lin Xiang Zhang Kung-Sheng Yeh Chi-Hung Tsai Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
description	In this work, a novel biomass, the extraction residue of <i>S</i><i>apindus</i> pericarp (SP), was torrefied by using an electronic oven under a wide range of temperature (i.e., 200–320 °C) and residence times (i.e., 0–60 min). From the results of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of SP, a significant weight loss was observed in the temperature range of 200–400 °C, which can be divided into the decompositions of hemicellulose (major)/lignin (minor) (200–320 °C) and cellulose (major)/lignin (minor) (320–400 °C). Based on the fuel properties of the feedstock SP and SP-torrefied products, the optimal torrefaction conditions can be found at around 280 °C for holding 30 min, showing that the calorific value, enhancement factor and energy yield of the torrefied biomass were enhanced to be 28.60 MJ/kg, 1.36 and 82.04 wt%, respectively. Consistently, the values of the calorific value, carbon content and molar carbon/hydrogen (C/H) ratio indicated an increasing trend at higher torrefaction temperatures and/or longer residence times. The findings showed that some SP-torrefied solids can be grouped into the characteristics of a lignite-like biomass by a van Krevelen diagram for all the SP-torrefied products. However, the SP-torrefied fuels would be particularly susceptible to the problems of slagging and fouling because of the relatively high contents of potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) based on the analytical results of the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
format	article
author	Wen-Tien Tsai Tasi-Jung Jiang Yu-Quan Lin Xiang Zhang Kung-Sheng Yeh Chi-Hung Tsai
author_facet	Wen-Tien Tsai Tasi-Jung Jiang Yu-Quan Lin Xiang Zhang Kung-Sheng Yeh Chi-Hung Tsai
author_sort	Wen-Tien Tsai
title	Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
title_short	Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
title_full	Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
title_fullStr	Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
title_full_unstemmed	Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions
title_sort	fuel properties of torrefied biomass from <i>sapindus</i> pericarp extraction residue under a wide range of pyrolysis conditions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3783405bc1ef4215961c52232a9fde10
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Fuel Properties of Torrefied Biomass from <i>Sapindus</i> Pericarp Extraction Residue under a Wide Range of Pyrolysis Conditions

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