Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature

ABSTRACT Adaptation via natural selection is an important driver of evolution, and repeatable adaptations of replicate populations, under conditions of a constant environment, have been extensively reported. However, isolated groups of populations in nature tend to harbor both genetic and physiologi...

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Autores principales:	Megan L. Kempher, Xuanyu Tao, Rong Song, Bo Wu, David A. Stahl, Judy D. Wall, Adam P. Arkin, Aifen Zhou, Jizhong Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Desulfovibrio vulgaris evolutionary biology stress adaptation temperature stress Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/37c62b23231347b59ecbc71afefc6541
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:37c62b23231347b59ecbc71afefc65412021-11-15T15:56:44ZEffects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature10.1128/mBio.00569-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/37c62b23231347b59ecbc71afefc65412020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00569-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Adaptation via natural selection is an important driver of evolution, and repeatable adaptations of replicate populations, under conditions of a constant environment, have been extensively reported. However, isolated groups of populations in nature tend to harbor both genetic and physiological divergence due to multiple selective pressures that they have encountered. How this divergence affects adaptation of these populations to a new common environment remains unclear. To determine the impact of prior genetic and physiological divergence in shaping adaptive evolution to accommodate a new common environment, an experimental evolution study with the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) was conducted. Two groups of replicate populations with genetic and physiological divergence, derived from a previous evolution study, were propagated in an elevated-temperature environment for 1,000 generations. Ancestor populations without prior experimental evolution were also propagated in the same environment as a control. After 1,000 generations, all the populations had increased growth rates and all but one had greater fitness in the new environment than the ancestor population. Moreover, improvements in growth rate were moderately affected by the divergence in the starting populations, while changes in fitness were not significantly affected. The mutations acquired at the gene level in each group of populations were quite different, indicating that the observed phenotypic changes were achieved by evolutionary responses that differed between the groups. Overall, our work demonstrated that the initial differences in fitness between the starting populations were eliminated by adaptation and that phenotypic convergence was achieved by acquisition of mutations in different genes. IMPORTANCE Improving our understanding of how previous adaptation influences evolution has been a long-standing goal in evolutionary biology. Natural selection tends to drive populations to find similar adaptive solutions for the same selective conditions. However, variations in historical environments can lead to both physiological and genetic divergence that can make evolution unpredictable. Here, we assessed the influence of divergence on the evolution of a model sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, in response to elevated temperature and found a significant effect at the genetic but not the phenotypic level. Understanding how these influences drive evolution will allow us to better predict how bacteria will adapt to various ecological constraints.Megan L. KempherXuanyu TaoRong SongBo WuDavid A. StahlJudy D. WallAdam P. ArkinAifen ZhouJizhong ZhouAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleDesulfovibrio vulgarisevolutionary biologystress adaptationtemperature stressMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 4 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Desulfovibrio vulgaris evolutionary biology stress adaptation temperature stress Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Desulfovibrio vulgaris evolutionary biology stress adaptation temperature stress Microbiology QR1-502 Megan L. Kempher Xuanyu Tao Rong Song Bo Wu David A. Stahl Judy D. Wall Adam P. Arkin Aifen Zhou Jizhong Zhou Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
description	ABSTRACT Adaptation via natural selection is an important driver of evolution, and repeatable adaptations of replicate populations, under conditions of a constant environment, have been extensively reported. However, isolated groups of populations in nature tend to harbor both genetic and physiological divergence due to multiple selective pressures that they have encountered. How this divergence affects adaptation of these populations to a new common environment remains unclear. To determine the impact of prior genetic and physiological divergence in shaping adaptive evolution to accommodate a new common environment, an experimental evolution study with the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) was conducted. Two groups of replicate populations with genetic and physiological divergence, derived from a previous evolution study, were propagated in an elevated-temperature environment for 1,000 generations. Ancestor populations without prior experimental evolution were also propagated in the same environment as a control. After 1,000 generations, all the populations had increased growth rates and all but one had greater fitness in the new environment than the ancestor population. Moreover, improvements in growth rate were moderately affected by the divergence in the starting populations, while changes in fitness were not significantly affected. The mutations acquired at the gene level in each group of populations were quite different, indicating that the observed phenotypic changes were achieved by evolutionary responses that differed between the groups. Overall, our work demonstrated that the initial differences in fitness between the starting populations were eliminated by adaptation and that phenotypic convergence was achieved by acquisition of mutations in different genes. IMPORTANCE Improving our understanding of how previous adaptation influences evolution has been a long-standing goal in evolutionary biology. Natural selection tends to drive populations to find similar adaptive solutions for the same selective conditions. However, variations in historical environments can lead to both physiological and genetic divergence that can make evolution unpredictable. Here, we assessed the influence of divergence on the evolution of a model sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, in response to elevated temperature and found a significant effect at the genetic but not the phenotypic level. Understanding how these influences drive evolution will allow us to better predict how bacteria will adapt to various ecological constraints.
format	article
author	Megan L. Kempher Xuanyu Tao Rong Song Bo Wu David A. Stahl Judy D. Wall Adam P. Arkin Aifen Zhou Jizhong Zhou
author_facet	Megan L. Kempher Xuanyu Tao Rong Song Bo Wu David A. Stahl Judy D. Wall Adam P. Arkin Aifen Zhou Jizhong Zhou
author_sort	Megan L. Kempher
title	Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
title_short	Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
title_full	Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
title_fullStr	Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature
title_sort	effects of genetic and physiological divergence on the evolution of a sulfate-reducing bacterium under conditions of elevated temperature
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/37c62b23231347b59ecbc71afefc6541
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Effects of Genetic and Physiological Divergence on the Evolution of a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium under Conditions of Elevated Temperature

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