After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions

Large storms can erode, transport, and deposit substantial amounts of particulate nitrogen (PN) in the fluvial network. The fate of this input and its consequence for water quality is poorly understood. This study investigated the transformation and leaching of PN using a 56-day incubation experimen...

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Autores principales:	Chelsea Krieg, Erin Johnson, Erin Peck, Jinjun Kan, Shreeram Inamdar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nitrogen particulate organic matter fluvial deposition storms mineralization nitrification Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/37d020011768476a9407ab69c9f8a6a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:37d020011768476a9407ab69c9f8a6a32021-11-25T19:15:11ZAfter the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions10.3390/w132231822073-4441https://doaj.org/article/37d020011768476a9407ab69c9f8a6a32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3182https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Large storms can erode, transport, and deposit substantial amounts of particulate nitrogen (PN) in the fluvial network. The fate of this input and its consequence for water quality is poorly understood. This study investigated the transformation and leaching of PN using a 56-day incubation experiment with five PN sources: forest floor humus, upland mineral A horizon, stream bank, storm deposits, and stream bed. Experiments were subjected to two moisture regimes: continuously moist and dry–wet cycles. Sediment and porewater samples were collected through the incubation and analyzed for N and C species, as well as the quantification of nitrifying and denitrifying genes <i>(amo</i>A, <i>nir</i>S, <i>nir</i>K). C- and N-rich watershed sources experienced decomposition, mineralization, and nitrification and released large amounts of dissolved N, but the amount of N released varied depending on the PN source and moisture regime. Drying and rewetting stimulated nitrification and suppressed denitrification in most PN sources. Storm deposits released large amounts of porewater N regardless of the moisture conditions, indicating that they could readily act as N sources under a variety of conditions. The inputs, processing, and leaching of large, storm-driven PN inputs become increasingly important as the frequency and intensity of large storms is predicted to increase with global climate change.Chelsea KriegErin JohnsonErin PeckJinjun KanShreeram InamdarMDPI AGarticlenitrogenparticulate organic matterfluvial depositionstormsmineralizationnitrificationHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3182, p 3182 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nitrogen particulate organic matter fluvial deposition storms mineralization nitrification Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	nitrogen particulate organic matter fluvial deposition storms mineralization nitrification Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Chelsea Krieg Erin Johnson Erin Peck Jinjun Kan Shreeram Inamdar After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
description	Large storms can erode, transport, and deposit substantial amounts of particulate nitrogen (PN) in the fluvial network. The fate of this input and its consequence for water quality is poorly understood. This study investigated the transformation and leaching of PN using a 56-day incubation experiment with five PN sources: forest floor humus, upland mineral A horizon, stream bank, storm deposits, and stream bed. Experiments were subjected to two moisture regimes: continuously moist and dry–wet cycles. Sediment and porewater samples were collected through the incubation and analyzed for N and C species, as well as the quantification of nitrifying and denitrifying genes <i>(amo</i>A, <i>nir</i>S, <i>nir</i>K). C- and N-rich watershed sources experienced decomposition, mineralization, and nitrification and released large amounts of dissolved N, but the amount of N released varied depending on the PN source and moisture regime. Drying and rewetting stimulated nitrification and suppressed denitrification in most PN sources. Storm deposits released large amounts of porewater N regardless of the moisture conditions, indicating that they could readily act as N sources under a variety of conditions. The inputs, processing, and leaching of large, storm-driven PN inputs become increasingly important as the frequency and intensity of large storms is predicted to increase with global climate change.
format	article
author	Chelsea Krieg Erin Johnson Erin Peck Jinjun Kan Shreeram Inamdar
author_facet	Chelsea Krieg Erin Johnson Erin Peck Jinjun Kan Shreeram Inamdar
author_sort	Chelsea Krieg
title	After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
title_short	After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
title_full	After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
title_fullStr	After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
title_full_unstemmed	After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions
title_sort	after the storm: fate and leaching of particulate nitrogen (pn) in the fluvial network and the influence of watershed sources and moisture conditions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/37d020011768476a9407ab69c9f8a6a3
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After the Storm: Fate and Leaching of Particulate Nitrogen (PN) in the Fluvial Network and the Influence of Watershed Sources and Moisture Conditions

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