Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older

Anokha Padubidri,1,2 Soham Al Snih,2,3 Rafael Samper-Ternent,2,4 Kyriakos S Markides,2,5 Kenneth J Ottenbacher,2,3 Mukaila A Raji2,6 1College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA; 2Sealy Center on Aging, 3Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of ...

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Autores principales:	Padubidri A, Al Snih S, Samper-Ternent R, Markides KS, Ottenbacher KJ, Raji MA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Falls Depression Cognition Elderly Mexican Americans Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38008344d4b04614b39c9a55e9ac3f44
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38008344d4b04614b39c9a55e9ac3f442021-12-02T05:38:40ZFalls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/38008344d4b04614b39c9a55e9ac3f442014-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/falls-and-cognitive-decline-in-mexican-americans-75-years-and-older-peer-reviewed-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Anokha Padubidri,1,2 Soham Al Snih,2,3 Rafael Samper-Ternent,2,4 Kyriakos S Markides,2,5 Kenneth J Ottenbacher,2,3 Mukaila A Raji2,6 1College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA; 2Sealy Center on Aging, 3Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Professions, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Columbia; 5Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, 6Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA Background: Little is known about long-term emotional and cognitive consequences of falls. We examined the association between falls and subsequent cognitive decline, and tested the hypothesis that depression would mediate any falls–cognition association among cognitively intact Hispanic Elders. Methods: We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly to examine change in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores over the 6-year period according to number of falls. All participants (N=1,119) had MMSE scores ≥21 and complete data on Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale, social and demographic factors, medical conditions (diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and hypertension), and hand grip muscle strength. Results: At baseline, participants’ mean age was 80.8 years (range, 74–109), mean education was 6.3 years (range, 0–17), and mean MMSE was 25.2 (range, 21–30). Of the 1,119 participants, 15.8% experienced one fall and 14.4% had two or more falls. In mixed model analyses, having two or more falls was associated with greater decline in MMSE score (estimate =–0.81, standard error =0.19, P<0.0001) compared to having no fall, after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education. The magnitude of the association decreased (estimate =–0.65, standard error =0.19, P=0.0007) when adjustment was made for high depressive symptoms, suggesting a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls–cognition association. Female sex, high level of education, and high performance in hand grip muscle strength were associated with a slower decline in MMSE scores. Conclusion: Having two or more falls was independently associated with steeper decline in cognition over 6 years, with a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls–cognition association. Keywords: cognition, depression, elderlyPadubidri AAl Snih SSamper-Ternent RMarkides KSOttenbacher KJRaji MADove Medical PressarticleFallsDepressionCognitionElderlyMexican AmericansGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 9, Pp 719-726 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Falls Depression Cognition Elderly Mexican Americans Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	Falls Depression Cognition Elderly Mexican Americans Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Padubidri A Al Snih S Samper-Ternent R Markides KS Ottenbacher KJ Raji MA Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
description	Anokha Padubidri,1,2 Soham Al Snih,2,3 Rafael Samper-Ternent,2,4 Kyriakos S Markides,2,5 Kenneth J Ottenbacher,2,3 Mukaila A Raji2,6 1College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA; 2Sealy Center on Aging, 3Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Professions, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Columbia; 5Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, 6Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA Background: Little is known about long-term emotional and cognitive consequences of falls. We examined the association between falls and subsequent cognitive decline, and tested the hypothesis that depression would mediate any falls–cognition association among cognitively intact Hispanic Elders. Methods: We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly to examine change in Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores over the 6-year period according to number of falls. All participants (N=1,119) had MMSE scores ≥21 and complete data on Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale, social and demographic factors, medical conditions (diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and hypertension), and hand grip muscle strength. Results: At baseline, participants’ mean age was 80.8 years (range, 74–109), mean education was 6.3 years (range, 0–17), and mean MMSE was 25.2 (range, 21–30). Of the 1,119 participants, 15.8% experienced one fall and 14.4% had two or more falls. In mixed model analyses, having two or more falls was associated with greater decline in MMSE score (estimate =–0.81, standard error =0.19, P<0.0001) compared to having no fall, after adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education. The magnitude of the association decreased (estimate =–0.65, standard error =0.19, P=0.0007) when adjustment was made for high depressive symptoms, suggesting a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls–cognition association. Female sex, high level of education, and high performance in hand grip muscle strength were associated with a slower decline in MMSE scores. Conclusion: Having two or more falls was independently associated with steeper decline in cognition over 6 years, with a possible mediating effect of depression on the falls–cognition association. Keywords: cognition, depression, elderly
format	article
author	Padubidri A Al Snih S Samper-Ternent R Markides KS Ottenbacher KJ Raji MA
author_facet	Padubidri A Al Snih S Samper-Ternent R Markides KS Ottenbacher KJ Raji MA
author_sort	Padubidri A
title	Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
title_short	Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
title_full	Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
title_fullStr	Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
title_full_unstemmed	Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older
title_sort	falls and cognitive decline in mexican americans 75 years and older
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/38008344d4b04614b39c9a55e9ac3f44
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Falls and cognitive decline in Mexican Americans 75 years and older

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