Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea

Abstract We measured the magnitude of submarine fresh groundwater discharge (SFGD) and associated nutrient inputs to Jocheon harbor, on Jeju Island, Korea, during four sampling periods, in order to determine the link between SFGD and Ulva sp. green tide development. Good correlations among salinity,...

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Autores principales:	Hyeong Kyu Kwon, Hyekyung Kang, Yong Hwa Oh, Sang Rul Park, Guebuem Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/380f3c033dd64056a289359dd6235bf6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:380f3c033dd64056a289359dd6235bf62021-12-02T11:40:13ZGreen tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea10.1038/s41598-017-06711-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/380f3c033dd64056a289359dd6235bf62017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06711-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We measured the magnitude of submarine fresh groundwater discharge (SFGD) and associated nutrient inputs to Jocheon harbor, on Jeju Island, Korea, during four sampling periods, in order to determine the link between SFGD and Ulva sp. green tide development. Good correlations among salinity, 222Rn, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in harbor seawater suggest that SFGD is the major source of DIN and fresh water since there are no surface runoffs. Using a 222Rn mass balance model, SFGD to the harbor was estimated to be 5.8 ± 2.3 × 104 m3 d−1. The DIN inputs through SFGD enhanced DIN concentrations in harbor seawater approximately 10-fold of those in the open-ocean (outer harbor) seawater. Results from mesocosm experiments showed that the growth rate of U. pertusa increased by 160% on average due to the enhanced DIN concentrations (from 1 to 24 µM) through SFGD in this harbor. Thus, we conclude that DIN inputs through SFGD cause the green tide development in Jocheon harbor and perhaps in other green tide regions where river inputs are absent.Hyeong Kyu KwonHyekyung KangYong Hwa OhSang Rul ParkGuebuem KimNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hyeong Kyu Kwon Hyekyung Kang Yong Hwa Oh Sang Rul Park Guebuem Kim Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
description	Abstract We measured the magnitude of submarine fresh groundwater discharge (SFGD) and associated nutrient inputs to Jocheon harbor, on Jeju Island, Korea, during four sampling periods, in order to determine the link between SFGD and Ulva sp. green tide development. Good correlations among salinity, 222Rn, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in harbor seawater suggest that SFGD is the major source of DIN and fresh water since there are no surface runoffs. Using a 222Rn mass balance model, SFGD to the harbor was estimated to be 5.8 ± 2.3 × 104 m3 d−1. The DIN inputs through SFGD enhanced DIN concentrations in harbor seawater approximately 10-fold of those in the open-ocean (outer harbor) seawater. Results from mesocosm experiments showed that the growth rate of U. pertusa increased by 160% on average due to the enhanced DIN concentrations (from 1 to 24 µM) through SFGD in this harbor. Thus, we conclude that DIN inputs through SFGD cause the green tide development in Jocheon harbor and perhaps in other green tide regions where river inputs are absent.
format	article
author	Hyeong Kyu Kwon Hyekyung Kang Yong Hwa Oh Sang Rul Park Guebuem Kim
author_facet	Hyeong Kyu Kwon Hyekyung Kang Yong Hwa Oh Sang Rul Park Guebuem Kim
author_sort	Hyeong Kyu Kwon
title	Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
title_short	Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
title_full	Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
title_fullStr	Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
title_full_unstemmed	Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea
title_sort	green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, jeju, korea
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/380f3c033dd64056a289359dd6235bf6
work_keys_str_mv	AT hyeongkyukwon greentidedevelopmentassociatedwithsubmarinegroundwaterdischargeinacoastalharborjejukorea AT hyekyungkang greentidedevelopmentassociatedwithsubmarinegroundwaterdischargeinacoastalharborjejukorea AT yonghwaoh greentidedevelopmentassociatedwithsubmarinegroundwaterdischargeinacoastalharborjejukorea AT sangrulpark greentidedevelopmentassociatedwithsubmarinegroundwaterdischargeinacoastalharborjejukorea AT guebuemkim greentidedevelopmentassociatedwithsubmarinegroundwaterdischargeinacoastalharborjejukorea
_version_	1718395694662811648

Green tide development associated with submarine groundwater discharge in a coastal harbor, Jeju, Korea

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