Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India

Abstract Background Chronic conditions reduce the likelihood of physical functioning among older adults. However, the contribution of most prevalent diseases and multimorbidity to different measures of functional limitations is relatively underexplored among Indian older adults. The present study ex...

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Autores principales:	Palak Sharma, Priya Maurya, T. Muhammad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Chronic conditions ADL and IADL Older adults LASI Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/38121227924f4b6f8331581368fadaa1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:38121227924f4b6f8331581368fadaa12021-11-28T12:08:58ZNumber of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India10.1186/s12877-021-02620-01471-2318https://doaj.org/article/38121227924f4b6f8331581368fadaa12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02620-0https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2318Abstract Background Chronic conditions reduce the likelihood of physical functioning among older adults. However, the contribution of most prevalent diseases and multimorbidity to different measures of functional limitations is relatively underexplored among Indian older adults. The present study explores the prospective association between number of chronic conditions and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among older adults in India. Methods This study utilized data from the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-2017-18). The effective sample size was 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation were presented in the study. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to fulfil the objectives. The outcome variables were dichotomized; high representing no difficulty in ADL/IADL and low representing a difficulty in at least one ADL/IADL. The chronic conditions included hypertension, diabetes, neurological/psychiatric disease, lung disease, heart diseases, stroke, and bone-related disease. The number of chronic diseases was categorized into no disease, single, two and three plus based on number of reported disease. Results 26.36% of older women and 20.87% of older men had low ADL and the figures for low IADL were 56.86 and 38.84% for older men and women respectively. The likelihood of low ADL (AOR: 1.698, CI:1.544, 1.868) and low IADL (AOR: 1.197; CI: 1.064, 1.346) was higher among womenthan men. With increasing age, the prevalence of low ADL increased among older adults. Respondents with pre-existing chronic conditions had higher likelihood of low ADL and IADL. Older adults with hypertension, psychiatric disease, heart disease, stroke and bone-related disease had significantly higher odds of reporting low IADL. The chances of low ADL and IADL were 2.156 (CI: 1.709, 2.719) and 2.892 (CI: 2.067, 4.047) times respectively higher among older adults with more than three chronic conditions. After controlling for socio-economic and health-related covariates, it was found that men with more than three pre-existing chronic conditions had higher odds of low ADL than women. On the other hand, low IADL were found higher among women with more than three pre-existing chronic conditions. Conclusions The present study demonstrates a significant burden of functional limitations among older individuals and that there is a strong association between pre-existing chronic conditions and functional disability. Those with hypertension, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, heart disease, stroke, lung disease or bone-related diseases should be effectively monitored to predict future functional limitations, which may lead to worsening health.Palak SharmaPriya MauryaT. MuhammadBMCarticleChronic conditionsADL and IADLOlder adultsLASIGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENBMC Geriatrics, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chronic conditions ADL and IADL Older adults LASI Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	Chronic conditions ADL and IADL Older adults LASI Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Palak Sharma Priya Maurya T. Muhammad Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
description	Abstract Background Chronic conditions reduce the likelihood of physical functioning among older adults. However, the contribution of most prevalent diseases and multimorbidity to different measures of functional limitations is relatively underexplored among Indian older adults. The present study explores the prospective association between number of chronic conditions and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among older adults in India. Methods This study utilized data from the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-2017-18). The effective sample size was 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation were presented in the study. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to fulfil the objectives. The outcome variables were dichotomized; high representing no difficulty in ADL/IADL and low representing a difficulty in at least one ADL/IADL. The chronic conditions included hypertension, diabetes, neurological/psychiatric disease, lung disease, heart diseases, stroke, and bone-related disease. The number of chronic diseases was categorized into no disease, single, two and three plus based on number of reported disease. Results 26.36% of older women and 20.87% of older men had low ADL and the figures for low IADL were 56.86 and 38.84% for older men and women respectively. The likelihood of low ADL (AOR: 1.698, CI:1.544, 1.868) and low IADL (AOR: 1.197; CI: 1.064, 1.346) was higher among womenthan men. With increasing age, the prevalence of low ADL increased among older adults. Respondents with pre-existing chronic conditions had higher likelihood of low ADL and IADL. Older adults with hypertension, psychiatric disease, heart disease, stroke and bone-related disease had significantly higher odds of reporting low IADL. The chances of low ADL and IADL were 2.156 (CI: 1.709, 2.719) and 2.892 (CI: 2.067, 4.047) times respectively higher among older adults with more than three chronic conditions. After controlling for socio-economic and health-related covariates, it was found that men with more than three pre-existing chronic conditions had higher odds of low ADL than women. On the other hand, low IADL were found higher among women with more than three pre-existing chronic conditions. Conclusions The present study demonstrates a significant burden of functional limitations among older individuals and that there is a strong association between pre-existing chronic conditions and functional disability. Those with hypertension, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, heart disease, stroke, lung disease or bone-related diseases should be effectively monitored to predict future functional limitations, which may lead to worsening health.
format	article
author	Palak Sharma Priya Maurya T. Muhammad
author_facet	Palak Sharma Priya Maurya T. Muhammad
author_sort	Palak Sharma
title	Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
title_short	Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
title_full	Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
title_fullStr	Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
title_full_unstemmed	Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India
title_sort	number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in india
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/38121227924f4b6f8331581368fadaa1
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Number of chronic conditions and associated functional limitations among older adults: cross-sectional findings from the longitudinal aging study in India

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